Potential role of probiotics on colorectal cancer prevention

Uccello, Mario; Malaguarnera, Giulia; Burzotta, Francesco; D’Agata, Velia; Malaguarnera, Michele; Bertino, Gaetano; Vacante, Marco; Drago, Filippo; Biondi, Antonio

doi:10.1186/1471-2482-12-s1-s35

Cited by 187 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…The microbial activities of the intestinal microflora have been associated with colon cancer through the formation of genotoxic and carcinogenic products (Uccello et al 2012;Schwabe & Jobin 2013). The bacterial enzymes include b-glucuronidase, nitroreductase and azoreductase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysed inulin alleviates the azoxymethane-induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci by altering selected intestinal microbiota in Sprague–Dawley rats

Pattananandecha

Sirilun

Duangjitcharoen

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context Inulin, a non-digestible carbohydrate isolated from Helianthus tuberosus L. (Asteraceae), has been shown to alter the gut beneficial bacteria including Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria. Inulin also influences the activities of intestinal microbiota that could prevent the colon cancer development. Objective This study determines the effect of hydrolysed inulin with different degrees of polymerisation on alteration of intestinal microbiota and their activities on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Materials and methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (three control and three AOM-treated groups) and the animal were fed with either a normal diet or diet containing 10% of long-chain inulin (InuL) or short-chain inulin (InuS), respectively, for 17 weeks. Colon cancer was induced in rats by injecting AOM subcutaneously at the 8th and 9th week of the study period. At the end of the experiment, cecal contents of rats were examined for selected microbiota, organic acids, putrefactive compounds and microbial enzymes. ACF formation was microscopically examined. Results The inulin diets significantly increased the weight and decreased the pH of the caecal content. The rats fed with InuL-supplemented diet showed approximately 2.9-and 6.8-fold increases in the biomass of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria, respectively. Naive and AOMtreated rats fed with inulin-supplemented diet showed $1.3-and $2.2-fold decreases in the biomass of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, respectively. Inulins significantly decreased the colonic concentration of phenol, p-cresol and indole. Reduction in the activity of microbial enzymes such as b-glucuronidase, azoreductase and nitroreductase were observed in inulin-treated animals. Reduction in the ACF formation has been observed in inulin-treated groups. Discussion and conclusion The present study demonstrates that dietary administration of inulin reduces the formation of preneoplastic lesions in the colon, possibly by altering the microecology and microbial activities on carcinogenesis.ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysed inulin alleviates the azoxymethane-induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci by altering selected intestinal microbiota in Sprague–Dawley rats

Pattananandecha

Sirilun

Duangjitcharoen

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…The majority of cases are sporadic or show a pattern of familial aggregation that does not closely fit Mendelian inheritance models (Aaltonen et al, 1998). Several genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of cancer, and it is estimated that up to 35% of all colorectal cancers are caused by a genetic predisposition (Davidson, 2007;Uccello et al, 2012;Di Rosa et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular analysis of MLH1 variants in Chinese sporadic colorectal cancer patients

HX¹,

Xu²,

Yang³

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in mismatch repair genes, especially in the MLH1 gene, are closely associated with susceptibility to hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. However, few relevant findings are available regarding the association between sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC) and SNPs of MLH1 in Chinese patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe the pathogenic association between three important MLH1 polymorphisms and SCRC in the Chinese population. Peripheral blood samples from 156 SCRC patients and 311 healthy controls were collected. DNA was purified from peripheral blood, and the V384D, R217C, and I219V polymorphisms were evaluated using high-resolution melting analysis and direct sequencing. The association between the three important MLH1 polymorphisms and clinical pathological features of the SCRC patients was analyzed. In addition, PMS2-MLH1 protein interactions were determined by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) to determine the protein functional alteration induced by these SNPs. Among the three polymorphisms, V384D was significantly associated with the risk of SCRC (OR = 31.36, P < 0.0001). The allele frequencies were 4.81 and 0.16% in the SCRC group. No association was found between SCRC and R217C, or between SCRC and I219V. Moreover, the allele frequency of R217C was significantly higher in the SCRC patients younger than 60 years than in those older than 60 years. Co-IP showed that the MLH1 R217C, V384D, and I219V variants had relative binding abilities with PMS2 of 0.59, 0.70, and 0.80, respectively, compared with the wildtype. These findings suggest that MLH1 V384D could be a promising genetic marker for susceptibility to SCRC.

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“…However, when these potentially pathogenic bacteria increase in number or their virulence is enhanced, this physiological inflammation is likely to become a pathological inflammation and possibly cancer-causing (15,16). Accordingly, the developments of methods to increase the number of beneficial bacteria or suppress harmful bacteria would be advantageous (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics modify human intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer

Guo

Gao

et al. 2015

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract.Studies using animal models have demonstrated that probiotics may have a beneficial role in the prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the underlying mechanism of the beneficial effects of interventional probiotic treatment on gut microbiota has remained elusive. In the present study, pyrosequencing of the V3 region of the 16S rRNA genes was conducted in order to determine the extent to which probiotics alter the microbiota. The observations of the present study indicated that the microbial structure of cancerous tissue differed significantly from that of healthy individuals and that the CRC microbiota exhibited lower diversity. It was indicated that interventional treatment with probiotics increased the density and diversity of mucosal microbes, and altered the mucosa-associated microbiota. Pyrosequencing demonstrated that probiotics significantly reduced (5-fold) the abundance of a bacterial taxon assigned to the genus Fusobacterium, which had been previously suggested to be a contributing factor to increase tumorigenesis. Accordingly, interventional probiotic therapy is suggested to be able to improve the composition of the mucosal microbial flora and significantly reduce the abundance of mucosa-associated pathogens in patients with CRC.

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Potential role of probiotics on colorectal cancer prevention

Cited by 187 publications

References 102 publications

Hydrolysed inulin alleviates the azoxymethane-induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci by altering selected intestinal microbiota in Sprague–Dawley rats

Hydrolysed inulin alleviates the azoxymethane-induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci by altering selected intestinal microbiota in Sprague–Dawley rats

Molecular analysis of MLH1 variants in Chinese sporadic colorectal cancer patients

Probiotics modify human intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer

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