Potential Role of Pet Animals in Household Transmission of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus:</i> A Narrative Review

Bramble, Manuel; Morris, Daniel O.; Tolomeo, Pam; Lautenbach, Ebbing

doi:10.1089/vbz.2010.0025

Cited by 53 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…By the same token, S. aureus is infrequently isolated from infection and carriage sites of dogs in clinical practice and in epidemiological surveys, and is considered a comparatively infrequent canine pathogen (Beck et al, 2012; Morris et al, 2006; 2010). The dog may act as a potential vector of S. aureus , which raises zoonotic and anthropozoonotic concerns for potential transfer of pathogens, drug resistance, and genetic elements (Misic et al, 2015; Song et al., 2013; Boag et al, 2004; Bramble et al, 2011). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Evaluation of the Skin Microbiome and Association with Microenvironment and Treatment in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Bradley

Morris

Rankin

et al. 2016

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

141

176

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Host-microbe interactions may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder characterized by universal colonization with Staphylococcus. To examine the relationship between epidermal barrier function and the cutaneous microbiota in AD, this study employed a spontaneous model of canine AD (cAD). In a cohort of 14 dogs with cAD, the skin microbiota was longitudinally evaluated with parallel assessment of skin barrier function at disease flare, during antimicrobial therapy and posttherapy. Sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene revealed decreased bacterial diversity and increased proportions of Staphylococcus (S. pseudintermedius in particular) and Corynebacterium in comparison to a cohort of healthy control dogs (n=16). Treatment restored bacterial diversity with decreased Staphylococcus proportions, concurrent with decreased cAD severity. Skin barrier function, as measured by corneometry, pH, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) also normalized with treatment. Bacterial diversity correlated with TEWL and pH, but not corneometry. These findings provide insights into the relationship between the cutaneous microbiome and skin barrier function in AD, the impact of antimicrobial therapy on the skin microbiome, and highlight the utility of cAD as a spontaneous non-rodent model of AD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Evaluation of the Skin Microbiome and Association with Microenvironment and Treatment in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Bradley

Morris

Rankin

et al. 2016

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

141

176

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A prospective study in the Netherlands found that prolonged household exposure to MRSA, the age of the individual infected, the diagnosis of eczema in the infected individual, and the number of household members increased the risk of transmission to contacts within the home; the observed risk factors in this study may however not be applicable to countries with a high incidence of CA-MRSA infections [63]. Multiple studies have suggested that domesticated animals play a role in household transmission of S. aureus and that transmission between humans and their pets is likely bi-directional [43, 64–70]. A recent study that used WGS showed that 46 MRSA isolates cultured from cats and dogs in the United Kingdom were interspersed throughout the epidemic MRSA-15 pandemic clade and clustered with a population of human isolates from the same lineage [71].…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus infections: transmission within households and the community

Knox¹,

Uhlemann²,

Lowy³

2015

Trends in Microbiology

115

103

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Staphylococcus aureus , both methicillin susceptible and resistant, are now major community-based pathogens worldwide. The basis for this is multifactorial and includes the emergence of epidemic clones with enhanced virulence, antibiotic resistance, colonization potential, or transmissibility. Household reservoirs of these unique strains are crucial to their success as community-based pathogens. Staphylococci become resident in households, either as colonizers or environmental contaminants, increasing the risk for recurrent infections. Interactions of household members with others in different households or at community sites including schools and daycare facilities play a critical role in the ability of these strains to become endemic. Colonization density at these sites appears to play an important role in facilitating transmission. The integration of research tools including whole genome sequencing, mathematical modeling and social network analysis have provided additional insight into the transmission dynamics of these strains. Thus far, interventions designed to reduce recurrent infections among household members have had limited success, likely due to the multiplicity of potential sources for recolonization. The development of better strategies to reduce the number of household-based infections will depend on greater insight into the different factors that contribute to the success of these uniquely successful epidemic clones of S. aureus.

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“…73,74 Recent studies in the US and Switzerland show that the presence of human MRSA clones in pet cats and dogs is of public health concern. 75,76 A German study showed carriage of an MRSA variant in several cats.…”

Section: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Bacteria Associated with Cats

Hariharan¹,

Hariharan²

2017

Vet Med Open J

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CitationHariharan H, Hariharan SH. Zoonotic bacteria associated with cats. Vet Med Open J. 2017; 2(3): 68-75. doi: 10.17140/VMOJ-2-118 ABSTRACT Background: There are several bacterial pathogens, including Bartonella, and Pasteurella that have been known to cause human infections from contact with cats. Recently, certain bacteria have emerged as causes of infection in cats, resulting in transmission to humans. Objectives: This review presents updated information on the zoonotic bacterial pathogens associated with cats, with special emphasis on recent reports. Results: Presently, an increase in the incidence of cat-associated Yersinia pestis human infections in the western USA has become a concern. In addition, infections due to Mycobacterium bovis, and Brucella abortus, are being recognized. Also, a number of human infections due to Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Salmonella from cats have been documented worldwide. In addition, spread of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs from cats is becoming a possibility. Conclusion: Updated information shows that more zoonotic bacteria than previously recognized are associated with cats worldwide. Immunocompromised persons and young children are particularly at a risk of developing infection from household cats which are allowed to roam around outdoors. It is important to incorporate environmental and animal contact considerations into patient care. With proper handling and precautions, cats can help establish valuable humananimal bonds.

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Potential Role of Pet Animals in Household Transmission of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A Narrative Review

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Longitudinal Evaluation of the Skin Microbiome and Association with Microenvironment and Treatment in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Longitudinal Evaluation of the Skin Microbiome and Association with Microenvironment and Treatment in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Staphylococcus aureus infections: transmission within households and the community

Zoonotic Bacteria Associated with Cats

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