Potential role of fecal microbiota from patients with slow transit constipation in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility

Ge, Xiaolong; Zhao, Wei; Ding, Chao; Tian, Hongliang; Xu, Lizhi; Wang, Hongkan; Ni, Ling; Jiang, Jun; Gong, Jianfeng; Zhu, Weiming; Zhu, Min–Sheng; Li, Ning

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-00612-y

Cited by 172 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Neural communication between the gut and the CNS occur in response to a number of stimuli in both physiologic and pathologic states. In health, vagal afferents, together with ENS neurons, function in a chemosensing and mechanosensing capacity to help maintain intestinal homeostasis . This is mediated by several luminal stimuli including mechanical distension, intestinal microbiota (together with their metabolites and secreted substances that act as neurotransmitters) and food products (particularly short‐chain fatty acids), as well as through communication with specialised intestinal epithelial and submucosal cells (discussed later in this review).…”

Section: An Overview Of the Autonomic Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: the role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathogenesis and therapy of IBD

Mogilevski

Burgell

Aziz

et al. 2019

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Summary Background There is a growing body of evidence implicating a role for the brain‐gut axis in the pathogenesis of inflammation in patients with IBD. Aims To perform a narrative review of published literature regarding the association of the autonomic nervous system and intestinal inflammation and to describe the rationale for and emerging use of autonomic manipulation as a therapeutic agent Methods Current relevant literature was summarised and critically examined. Results There is substantial pre‐clinical and clinical evidence for a multifaceted anti‐inflammatory effect of the vagus at both systemic and local intestinal levels. It acts via acetylcholine‐mediated activation of α‐7‐acetylcholine receptors involving multiple cell types in innate and adaptive immunity and the enteric nervous system with subsequent protective influences on the intestinal barrier, inflammatory mechanisms and the microbiome. In patients with IBD, there is evidence for a sympatho‐vagal imbalance, functional enteric neuronal depletion and hyporeactivity of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis. Direct or transcutaneous vagal neuromodulation up‐regulates the cholinergic anti‐inflammatory pathway in pre‐clinical and clinical models with down‐regulation of systemic and local intestinal inflammation. This is supported by two small studies in Crohn's disease although remains to be investigated in ulcerative colitis. Conclusions Modulating the cholinergic anti‐inflammatory pathway influences inflammation both systemically and at a local intestinal level. It represents a potentially underutilised anti‐inflammatory therapeutic strategy. Given the likely pathogenic role of the autonomic nervous system in patients with IBD, vagal neuromodulation, an apparently safe and successful means of increasing vagal tone, warrants further clinical exploration.

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Section: An Overview Of the Autonomic Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: the role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathogenesis and therapy of IBD

Mogilevski

Burgell

Aziz

et al. 2019

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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“…The potential role of microbially-derived metabolites is further supported by findings of delayed GI transit and altered SCFA and bile acid profiles following transfer of fecal microbiota from patients with slow transit constipation to antibiotic-treated mice 159 .…”

Section: Functional Gi Disordersmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Gut Microbiome in Adult and Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Shin

Preidis

Shulman

et al. 2019

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

128

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The importance of gut microbiota in gastrointestinal (GI) physiology was well described, but our ability to study gut microbial ecosystems in their entirety was limited by culture-based methods prior to the sequencing revolution. The advent of high-throughput sequencing opened new avenues, allowing us to study gut microbial communities as an aggregate, independent of our ability to culture individual microbes. Early studies focused on association of changes in gut microbiota with different disease states, which was necessary to identify a potential role for microbes and generate novel hypotheses. Over the past few years the field has moved beyond associations to better understand the mechanistic implications of the microbiome in the pathophysiology of complex diseases. This movement also has resulted in a shift in our focus toward therapeutic strategies, which rely on better understanding the mediators of gut microbiota-host cross-talk. It is not surprising the gut microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of functional gastrointestinal disorders given its role in modulating physiological processes such as immune development, GI motility and secretion, epithelial barrier integrity, and brain-gut communication. In this review, we focus on the current state of knowledge and future directions in microbiome research as it pertains to functional gastrointestinal disorders. We summarize the factors that help shape the gut microbiome in human beings. We discuss data from animal models and human studies to highlight existing paradigms regarding the mechanisms underlying microbiota-mediated alterations in physiological processes and their relevance in human interventions. While translation of microbiome science is still in its infancy, the outlook is optimistic and we are advancing in the right direction toward precise mechanism-based microbiota therapies.

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“…Therefore, fecal microbiota from STC donors might regulate gut motility by affecting the production of SCFAs [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of probiotics for antipsychotic-induced functional bowel disorders: A single-center retrospective observational study

Nakamura¹,

Nagamine

2019

Preprint

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Background Probiotics have the potential to improve functional constipation, however, evidence is lacking regarding its recommendation related to gut microbiota. Constipation is highly prevalent and a serious side-effect in antipsychotic treatment. This study was to investigate the effects of probiotics supplementation on defecation in psychiatry.Methods Subjects consisted of 31 male and 37 female inpatients who were co-administrated either of two probiotics: BIO-THREE or BIOFERMIN tablets. The medications that affect bowel movement including gastrointestinal drugs and antipsychotics in addition to their levels of chlorpromazine equivalent (CPeq) doses were compared between the two groups. Intestinal function was evaluated at baseline and one and two months using Bristol stool form scale. Sequential change of the three indices: average, constipation and diarrhea levels were compared within the group and analyzed to see any significant correlation against the CPeq levels. Results There were no significant differences in the medical treatment between the groups. In both groups, the average and constipation levels increased, and the diarrhea levels decreased at two months from baseline; in particular, the constipation levels were significantly increased at two months from baseline in the BIO-THREE group (-9.6±1.0 vs -6.5±0.9, mean±se). In the BIO-THREE group, only the diarrhea levels were significantly negatively correlated with the CPeq levels at two months (r= -0.341), while no such correlations were found in the BIOFERMIN group.Conclusions Probiotics supplementation may improve stool consistency, especially severe constipation and ameliorate diarrhea depended on antipsychotic dosage in psychiatric setting.

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Potential role of fecal microbiota from patients with slow transit constipation in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility

Cited by 172 publications

References 59 publications

Review article: the role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathogenesis and therapy of IBD

Review article: the role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathogenesis and therapy of IBD

The Gut Microbiome in Adult and Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Effectiveness of probiotics for antipsychotic-induced functional bowel disorders: A single-center retrospective observational study

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