Potential renal acid load and the risk of renal stone formation in a case–control study

Trinchieri, Alberto; Maletta, Alessandro; Lizzano, Renata; Marchesotti, Federica

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.155

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As the demand for acid elimination increases, the kidney plays other adaptive responses that may culminate in an increased risk of CKD. As previously mentioned, a diet rich in fruits and vegetable might reduce the formation of kidney stones [18] and CKD risk [27,29]. Since low serum bicarbonate levels are an independent predictor of CKD progression, the high consumption of fruit and vegetables is also associated with a reduced progression of early CKD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If there is an excessive consumption of acid precursor foods, to the detriment of those precursors of bases, volubility of the acid-base balance occurs [2,3,17]. If this acid-base balance disorder occurs in a prolonged and chronic way, low-grade metabolic acidosis may become significant and predispose to diseases [18,19,20,21]. …”

Section: Diet-induced Acidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that NEAP and the animal protein-to-potassium ratio were positively associated with the risk of developing kidney stones (increased risk by 10–41%) [37]. Corroborating this finding, Trinchieri et al (2013) [18] showed that a diet with PRAL higher than 31 mEq/day was associated with a 2.5-fold higher odds of developing kidney stones, a probability that was significantly reduced with the ingestion of two or more portions of vegetables per day [18]. Similarly, another study showed that individuals in the last tertile of PRAL were 2.9 times more likely to form kidney stones compared to those in the first tertile [38].…”

Section: Dietary Acid Load and Clinical Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet-Induced Low-Grade Metabolic Acidosis and Clinical Outcomes: A Review

Carnauba¹,

Baptistella²,

Paschoal³

et al. 2017

Nutrients

105

115

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Low-grade metabolic acidosis is a condition characterized by a slight decrease in blood pH, within the range considered normal, and feeding is one of the main factors that may influence the occurrence of such a condition. The excessive consumption of acid precursor foods (sources of phosphorus and proteins), to the detriment of those precursors of bases (sources of potassium, calcium, and magnesium), leads to acid-base balance volubility. If this condition occurs in a prolonged, chronic way, low-grade metabolic acidosis can become significant and predispose to metabolic imbalances such as kidney stone formation, increased bone resorption, reduced bone mineral density, and the loss of muscle mass, as well as the increased risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis. Considering the increase in the number of studies investigating the influence of diet-induced metabolic acidosis on clinical outcomes, this review gathers the available evidence evaluating the association of this disturbance and metabolic imbalances, as well as related mechanisms. It is necessary to look at the western dietary pattern of most countries and the increasing incidence of non-comunicable diseases for the balance between fruit and vegetable intake and the appropriate supply of protein, mainly from animal sources, so that it does not exceed the daily recommendations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diet-induced Acidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Acid Load and Clinical Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diet-Induced Low-Grade Metabolic Acidosis and Clinical Outcomes: A Review

Carnauba¹,

Baptistella²,

Paschoal³

et al. 2017

Nutrients

105

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consequently, the formation of calcium stones can be favored by reduced fluid intake, excessive consumption of meat, a low intake of milk and dairy products and insufficient consumption of vegetables. Not necessarily all of these factors must coexist simultaneously, as it is the sum of the effects of each of them to determine the risk of kidney stones (14). For this reason, it is not surprising to observe different dietary patterns in patients living in different countries where the diet may be different due to geographical, cultural and socioeconomic factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic study of urolithiasis in seven countries of South-Eastern Europe: S.E.G.U.R. 1 study

Karagiannis

Skolarikos

Alexandrescu

et al. 2017

Arch Ital Urol Androl

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Objective: To investigate some epidemiological aspects of kidney stones in the SouthEastern European area. Materials and methods: From September 2015 to December 2015, 538 consecutive patients were treated and evaluated for reno-ureteral stones in eight departments in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, FYR Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. Results: The age of onset was lower in Turkey and higher in Italy. The rate of recurrent patients was higher in Romania and Serbia, while first renal stone formers were more frequent in Italy. The previous history of kidney stones, the characteristics of the stones and the dietary habits of the patients were different in different countries. In Bulgaria, Greece and Romania larger calculi from recurrent patients were more frequent. In Italy and Turkey smaller calculi from first renal stone formers were more frequent. Conclusions: The previous history of kidney stones, the characteristics of the stones and the dietary habits of the patients were different in different countries. A common dietary pattern associated with the formation of kidney stones was not observed, but each country showed different risk factors.KEY WORDS: Urolithiasis; Epidemiology; Diet. SummaryNo conflict of interest declared.

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“…In a recent case-control study, 123 renal calcium stone formers were compared with age-and sex-matched controls with regard to the potential renal acid load calculated from dietary records. 36 It was shown that potential renal acid load in diet and reduced consumption of vegetables were associated with occurrence of calcium nephrolithiasis. As mentioned, dietary acid load primarily is a result of sulfur containing animal protein ingestion.…”

Section: Dietary Salt and Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%