Potential PM2.5 impacts of festival-related burning and other inputs on air quality in an urban area of southern Taiwan

Tsai, Ying I.; Sopajaree, Khajornsak; Kuo, Su-Ching; Yu, Sung-Po

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.021

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The VAPS with three filter packs and two denuders was designed to avoid sampling errors and artefacts (Matsumoto and Okita, 1998;Tsai and Perng, 1998;Hsieh et al, 2008;Tsai et al, 2015). The VAPS consists of two parallel fine particle (PM 2.5 ) collection channels (noted as L1, the right channel, and L3, the left channel) operated simultaneously at a sampling flow rate of 15.0 ± 0.2 L min -1 , and one coarse particle (PM 10 ) sampler (noted as L2, the center channel) operated at 2.0 ± 0.1 L min -1…”

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 47-mm backup NaCl-coated quartz filter (2500 QAT-UP, Pall) (3rd stage filter) for collecting HNO 3 gas probable escaped from nylon filter to assure the complete collection of volatilization of ammonium nitrate behind the Teflon filter and nylon filter. The sum of the collected and then measured nitrate on the Teflon, nylon and quartz filter is the complete PM 2.5 nitrate (Tsai and Perng, 1998;Bai et al, 2003;Hsieh et al, 2008;Tsai et al, 2015). On which coarse particles were collected.…”

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solution in the second denuder was 1 g CH 2 COONa in 100 mL 100% methanol, and was used to collect NH 3 Tsai et al, 2015). The inner walls of the denuder tubes were coated with denuder solution (10 mL added), the excess solution was decanted and the tube was dried for 10 min with 99.995% pure N 2 gas.…”

Section: Sample Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both ends of the tube were then capped with silicone plugs. The quartz filter (3rd stage filter in L3) was then treated by immersing it into a collecting solution of 1 g NaCl in 1:9 (V/V) 100 mL methanol/water in order to capture nitrate potentially missed by the Teflon filter (1st stage filter) and nylon filter (2nd stage filter) Tsai et al, 2015).…”

Section: Sample Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, these sea aerosols are transported to the land through onshore breezes during the day. Longrange transport may also contribute to aerosol composition in southern Taiwan, though evidence is scarce (Tsai et al, 2012;Lin et al, 2013;Tsai et al, 2015). Few studies have explored whether products from biomass burning in Southeast Asia can be transmitted to southern Taiwan through longrange transport and fresh marine air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Composition and Size-Fractionated Origins of Aerosols over a Remote Coastal Site in Southern Taiwan

Tsai

Sopajaree

Kuo

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In spring 2013 air samples were collected from a coastal site in the sparsely populated far south-west of Taiwan and analysed for ambient gases, inorganic salts, carboxylates, and saccharides. Concentration of ambient gases was in the order SO 2 > HCl > HNO 3 > NH 3 > HNO 2 . Day-night variation in concentrations indicated that photochemical conversion of HNO 2 to HNO 3 occurs during the day. PM 2.5 (16.16 ± 5.30 µg m -3 ) accounted for 61.1% of PM 10 mass concentrations. The main inorganic salts were SO 4 2-, NH 4 + , Na + , NO 3 -, and Cl -, collectively accounting for 48.8 ± 27.4% of the PM 2.5 . Cldepletion during the day was higher than during the night due to the presence of reactive photochemical products. The average Cl-depletion of PM 2.5 (53.1%) was markedly higher than that of PM 2.5-10 (26.0%), indicating that in PM 2.5 , a high amount of Cl -reacts with acidic gases to form HCl, which then escapes into the atmosphere. The carboxylate concentration in PM 2.5 was 0.50 ± 0.24 µg m -3 . It was found that low-molecular-weight carboxylates formed more readily in the open coastal region than in urban regions of southern Taiwan. Additionally, the daily mean ratio of Oxalate/non-seasalt SO 4 2-(6.15 ± 2.28%) in the coastal region was higher than that in the urban regions in southern Taiwan. The most prevalent saccharide in PM 2.5 was myo-inosital (333 ± 300 µg m -3 ), a type of soil fungus metabolite. Emissions of arabitol and mannitol, emitted through lichen and fungal activity, were markedly higher during the day. Only a trace amount (8.92 ± 16.92 µg m -3 ) of Levoglucosan (Levo), an indicator of biomass burning, was detected. The mean Levo/organic carbon ratio was 5.04 ± 8.72‰, suggesting that biomass burning contributed slightly to aerosols in the study area. An analysis of air mass backward trajectories showed that the products of biomass burning in Southeast Asia and southern China may be transported to the study area through long-range transport. This effect is more noticeable during the day when onshore breezes support the transport of particles sourced from the west of Taiwan.

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Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Chemical Composition and Size-Fractionated Origins of Aerosols over a Remote Coastal Site in Southern Taiwan

Tsai

Sopajaree

Kuo

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Regulatory effects on particulate pollution in the early hours of Chinese New Year, 2015

Lai

Brimblecombe

2017

Environ Monit Assess

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Human activities are a key driver of air pollution, so it is hardly surprising that celebrations affect air quality. The use of fireworks contributes to high particulate concentrations in many parts of the world, with the Chinese Lunar New Year (spring festival) particularly noticeable, as firecrackers are traditionally used to drive off evil spirits. Fireworks lead to short-term peaks in the concentration of PM10, PM2.5 and SO2. Regulatory actions that restrict the use of fireworks have been evident in China since the 1990s. This paper investigates the particulate concentrations in nine Chinese cities (Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Tianjin, Xi’an, Nanjing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, along with Hong Kong (a Special Administrative Region) and Taipei and Kaohsiung (Taiwan) with a particular focus on the celebrations of 2015. Extremely high concentrations of particulate matter were observed, with some sites revealing peak PM10 concentrations in excess of 1000 μg m−3 in the early hours of the New Year. In Beijing, Tianjin and Chongqing, the activities caused high particulate matter concentrations at most sites throughout the city. These peaks in particulate load in the early hours of Chinese New Year do not appear to be closely related to meteorological parameters. However, in cities where fireworks appear to be better regulated, there are fewer sharp pollution peaks just after midnight, although lowered air quality can still be found in the outer parts of some cities, remote from regulatory pressures. A few cities seem to have been effective at reducing the impact of the celebrations on air quality, with Nanjing a recent example. An increasing focus on light displays and electric lanterns also seems to offer a sense of celebration with much reduced impacts on air quality.

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Occurrence and risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in agricultural soils of the Sanjiang Plain, northeast China

Wang

Liang

Gao

2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study looks at the pollution status of six priority control phthalate esters (PAEs) under different cultivation of agricultural soils in the Sanjiang Plain, northeast China. Results show the total concentration of PAEs ranged from 162.9 to 946.9 μg kg with an average value of 369.5 μg kg. PAE concentrations in three types of cultivated soils exhibited decreasing order paddy field (532.1 ± 198.1 μg kg) > vegetable field (308.2 ± 87.5 μg kg) > bean field (268.2 ± 48.3 μg kg). Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) were the most abundant PAEs congeners. Compared with previous studies, agricultural soils in the Sanjiang Plain showed relatively low contamination levels. Anthropogenic activities such as cultivation practices and industrial emissions were associated with the distribution pattern of PAEs. Furthermore, human health risks of PAEs were estimated and the non-cancer risk shown negligible but carcinogenic risk of DEHP exceeded the threshold limits value. PAE contaminants originated from cultivation practices and intense anthropogenic activities result in placing the agricultural soils under a potential risk to human health and also to ecosystems in the Sanjiang Plain. Therefore, the contamination status of PAEs in agricultural soil and potential impacts on human health should attract considerable attention.

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Potential PM2.5 impacts of festival-related burning and other inputs on air quality in an urban area of southern Taiwan

Cited by 27 publications

References 81 publications

Chemical Composition and Size-Fractionated Origins of Aerosols over a Remote Coastal Site in Southern Taiwan

Chemical Composition and Size-Fractionated Origins of Aerosols over a Remote Coastal Site in Southern Taiwan

Regulatory effects on particulate pollution in the early hours of Chinese New Year, 2015

Occurrence and risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in agricultural soils of the Sanjiang Plain, northeast China

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