Potential of Wood Harvesting Residues and Residual Stand Damage due to Timber Harvesting: A Case Study at PT Austral Byna in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

The practice of timber harvesting in natural forests which has been conducted up to now still leaves wood harvesting residue and residual stand damage. Most condition of wood harvesting residue is still good and can be utilized. The objective of this research was to determine the potency of wood harvesting residue and residual stand damage on timber harvesting in natural forests. The data on wood utilization, wood harvesting residue, and residual damage were collected from three sample plots. The sample plots were arranged in a systematic and purposive manner, and the data were processed with tabulation and average analysis. Research results showed that the average volume of wood being utilized was 9.212 m3 tree−1. The average volume of wood harvesting residues was 2.310 m3 tree−1, and the total average volume of wood harvesting residues which were good, defected, and broken was 2.121 m3 (80.952%), with an average volume for good wood harvesting residue condition of 1.038 m3 (34.808%). Proportions of wood harvesting residues were 2.154 m3 (94.444%) consisting of buttress as large as 0.102 m3 (5.159%), stumps as large as 0.375 m3 tree−1 (23.597%), butt as large as 0.855 m3 (35.930%), and end part as large as 0.821 m3 (29.758%). The average number of trees with a diameter of 20 cm which were damaged due to felling and skidding was 5 trees ha−1 (5.40%) and 6 trees ha−1 (6.58%), respectively.

Short review of collecting technologies and methods in forest harvesting residues recovery

“…Chainsaw operators fell and process trees manually and then skidders are used to extract the timber using tree length harvesting method to the roadside to be debarked and loaded to trucks for transportation. Suhartana et al (2022) conducted a trial in a natural forest harvesting operation in Central Kalimantan Province. The main species was Meranti (Shorea spp.)…”

“…Technical faults by the harvesting crew were the main contributor to having a large share of harvesting residues (35% of total harvesting volume) including stump, buttress, butt and branches. Suhartana et al (2022) suggested recovering harvesting residues with proper timber quality for further usages in Indonesia but did not mention specific recovery techniques and machines.…”

Measurement Time in the Evaluation of Whole-Body Vibration: The Case of Mechanized Wood Extraction with Grapple Skidder

“…The mechanization of these activities from a technical, economic, environmental, and ergonomic point of view is essential for providing safety information for planning and decision making in planted forests [1]. Wood harvesting is the stage of the forestry process that most benefits from this advance, using self-propelled forestry machines for cutting, extracting, and processing wood, ensuring increased productivity and optimizing processes [2][3][4].…”