Potential of Tropical Fruit Waste Biomass for Production of Bio-Briquette Fuel: Using Indonesia as an Example

Abstract

Within developing countries, there is an appeal to use waste biomass for energy generation in the form of bio-briquettes. This study investigated the potential use of bio-briquettes that are produced from the waste biomass of the following tropical fruits: durian (Durio zibethinus), coconut (Cocos nucifera), coffee (Coffea arabica), cacao (Theobroma cacao), banana (Musa acuminata) and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum). All fruit waste biomass samples exhibited an extremely high level of initial moisture content (78.22% in average). Fruit samples with the highest proportion of fruit waste biomass (of total unprocessed fruit mass) were represented by cacao (83.82%), durian (62.56%) and coconut (56.83%). Highest energy potentials (calorific value) of fruit waste biomass were observed in case of coconut (18.22 MJ·kg −1 ), banana (17.79 MJ·kg −1 ) and durian (17.60 MJ·kg −1 ) fruit samples, whereas fruit waste biomass with the lowest level of ash content originated from the rambutan (3.67%), coconut (4.52%), and durian (5.05%) fruit samples. When investigating the energy demands to produce bio-briquettes from such feedstock materials, the best results (lowest amount of required deformation energy in combination with highest level of bio-briquette bulk density) were achieved by the rambutan, durian and banana fruit waste biomass samples. Finally, all investigated bio-briquette samples presented satisfactory levels of bulk density (>1050 kg·m −3 ). In conclusion, our results indicated the practicability and viability of such bio-briquette fuel production, as well as supporting the fact that bio-briquettes from tropical fruit waste biomass can offer a potentially attractive energy source with many benefits, especially in rural areas.

Valorization of byproducts from tropical fruits: Extraction methodologies, applications, environmental, and economic assessment: A review (Part 1: General overview of the byproducts, traditional biorefinery practices, and possible applications)

“…Absorption of Mn (II), Cr (IV), Pb (II) and dyes Chemical modification of the structure of banana peels with acids, alkali or hydrogen peroxide for removal of peptic and viscous compounds and expose the functional groups of cellulose (alkoxy, hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amino). Furthermore, Mn (II) and Cr (IV) were better removed after the incorporation of an additional monomer chain (-CH2=CH-C≡N) (Ali, 2017;Ali, Saeed, & Mabood, 2016;Brunerová et al, 2017;Oyewo et al, 2016;Wan Ngah & Hanafiah, 2008) Biochar for absorption of Pb(II) Exposition of functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl trough the addition of phosphoric acid under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature and a later dehydration of the mixture. Ion exchange and surface complexation were confirmed as the main adsorption ways.…”

Microbial extraction of chitin from seafood waste using sugars derived from fruit waste-stream

“…The procedures for fermentation of prawn shell and characterization using the above mentioned spectroscopic methods were repeated but the supplementary 20% glucose solution was replaced with a variety of agro-industrial wastes to serve as the sugar substrate (Brunerová et al 2017; World Bioenergy Association 2016). A total of 10 carbon sources were explorednamely sugarcane molasses, light corn syrup, red grape pomace, white grape pomace, apple peel, pineapple peel and core, mango peel, banana peel, potato peel, and sweet potato peel.…”

Decision Support System for the Production of Miscanthus and Willow Briquettes

“…The biomass is regarded as a RES of high potential, which can satisfy energy demands of contemporary society both in developed and developing countries throughout the world [6][7][8][9]. The interest in biofuels created from different biomass types including agricultural energy waste and energy cultivations is growing [10,11].…”

“…Logging wood and wood biomass waste is insufficient. It is necessary to gradually replace it with agricultural biomass (energy plantations, aquatic plants and algae, agricultural waste, food processing waste and municipal solid waste [8,14,15]). The use of lignocellulosic biomass, e.g., Miscanthus, willow, poplar, acacia or paulownia as a source is particularly interesting [5,11,16].…”