Potential of Starch Encapsulated Semiochemical-Insecticide Formulations for Adult Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Control

Weissling, Thomas J.; Meinke, Lance J.

doi:10.1093/jee/84.2.601

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Weissling & Meinke (1991a) showed a four-fold increase in beetle numbers in small plots treated with a starchencapsulated mixture of volatile attractants (1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene and trans-cinnamaldehyde), but the effect was difficult to attribute directly to the volatiles because the formulation also contained cucurbitacin feeding stimulant and insecticide. After dispensing a potent D. v. virgifera attractant (4-methoxycinnamaldehyde) from cotton dental rolls within 16 Â 16-m plots of milk-to dough-stage maize, Lance (1993) found a tendency for counts of beetles on plants to rise with increased attractant dose and dispenser number; however, the nearly two-fold increase, similar in magnitude to that seen here, was not statistically significant with only three test replicates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite reports of increased density and/or activity of D. v. virgifera beetles after treatment of maize plots with kairomonal attractants or their analogues, efficacy was modest (Lance, 1993) or not clearly attributable to attractants because of simultaneous release of cucurbitacin and toxin (Weissling & Meinke, 1991a). Positive results are lacking for D. barberi (Lance, 1988ab), although more effective lures than the eugenol used in earlier studies are now available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Such kairomones or their analogues are especially promising for mass removal or annihilation (Foster & Harris, 1997) of reproductive adults because of the responsiveness of female beetles. The latter approach is exemplified by addition of corn rootworm attractants to the cucurbitacin-based toxic baits (Weissling & Meinke, 1991a;Lance & Sutter, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatile semiochemical impact on trapping and distribution in maize of northern and western corn rootworm beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Hammack¹

2003

Agri and Forest Entomology

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1 Field studies evaluated plant attractants and analogues as tools to move corn rootworm beetles (Diabrotica spp.) into areas to be treated with toxic baits for population suppression via mass removal/annihilation of reproductive adults. 2 When dispensed from sticky traps in maize, 2-phenyl-1-ethylamine and 2-phenyl-1-ethanol captured more northern corn rootworm, Diabrotica barberi, than did 4-methoxyphenethanol. Only 2-phenyl-1-ethanol attracted the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, but not until maize matured beyond milk stage. 3 Attraction of D. barberi to the amine, alone or blended with 2-phenyl-1-ethanol, occurred before and after maize flowered but not during intervening silk or blister stages. Attraction recurred during early milk stage at or before 50% emergence of adult female D. barberi or D. v. virgifera, respectively, and before populations declined for the season. 4 Synergistic interaction of 2-phenyl-1-ethylamine with 2-phenyl-1-ethanol in attracting D. barberi females did not occur until maize matured to late milk stage. 5 The amine-alcohol blend (0.44 point sources m À2 ) doubled the density of D. barberi but not D. v. virgifera when applied to small plots within mostly milk-stage or younger maize. Traps without bait within attractant-treated plots captured more female, but not male, D. barberi than did traps in untreated control plots, hinting that females accounted for most of the observed increase in beetle density. 6 The results suggest that attractants can be used despite phenological limitations to concentrate preovipositional females within field areas and thus to complement a variety of corn rootworm control strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatile semiochemical impact on trapping and distribution in maize of northern and western corn rootworm beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Hammack¹

2003

Agri and Forest Entomology

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“…Cucurbitacin induces rootworm beetles to feed compulsively on the spray residue ( Chambliss and Jones 1966, Metcalf et al 1980, Ferguson et al 1983, Metcalf et al 1987. As a result, rootworm adults can be controlled with extremely low rates of insecticide (Metcalf et al 1980, Metcalf et al 1987, Weissling and Meinke 1991, Lance and Sutter 1992 or less conventional agents such as photo-active dyes (Schroder et al 1998). If the Areawide Program is successful, then corn rootworms can be effectively managed with the application of less insecticide than is required by the current application of soil insecticides.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Residue Containing Cucurbitacin Feeding Stimulant and Reduced Rates of Carbaryl Insecticide by Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Behle

2001

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Application of insecticide at a reduced rate with a cucurbitacin-based feeding stimulant is a viable alternative to a broadcast insecticide application for control of adult western corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, LeConte. Because of the small amount of material applied, it is conceivable that a high density of beetles could consume all of the spray residue before economic control is achieved. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the amount of cucurbitacin-based spray residue consumed by beetles. Dried residue of four treatments were exposed to three groups of 10 rootworm beetles for 1 h each. Treatments consisted of a cucurbitacin-based adjuvant (Cidetrak CRW, Trécé, Salinas, CA) with carbaryl insecticide (Sevin XLR Plus, Rhone Poulenc, Research Triangle Park, NC) mixed at 0, 0.12, 1.2, and 12 g (AI)/liter. For the treatment with cucurbitacin adjuvant only (no insecticide), beetles consumed 0.029 mg beetle(-1) h(-1) of exposure. Approximately 54% of the beetles were recorded as feeding at any given time during the 60-min feeding period. However, when the spray residue contained carbaryl, no weight loss of treatment residue was measured, though the beetles were observed to feed from the residue during the first few minutes of exposure. When residue included insecticide, beetles quickly ceased feeding (within 20 min), and toxicity behavior was observed 30 min after initial exposure for up to 75% of the beetles, which were classified as moribund (unable to stand upright). Beetle mortality was recorded 24 h after exposure and demonstrated that male beetles (53% dead for three insecticide treatments) were more susceptible to carbaryl toxicity than female beetles (28% dead for three insecticide treatments). Regression analysis showed a significant positive relationship between mortality of female beetles and ovarian development. Based on the measurements of this experiment, it is unlikely that realistic beetle densities would consume enough spray residue to prevent economic control of the beetle population.

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“…Initial studies have shown that D. virgifera virgifera LeConte sex pheromone (racemic ) and various plant-derived corn rootworm attractants ) could be successfully encapsulated in starch matrices. Starch matrix formulations have subsequently been developed that contain attractants, feeding-gustatory stimulants (cucurbitacins and pollen), and minute amounts of insecticide, which will attract and kill D. v. virgifera over time in field corn (Weissling & Meinke 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Starch-Based Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Baits on Selected Nontarget Insect Species: Influence of Semiochemical Composition

Weissling

Meinke

Lytle

1991

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Potential of Starch Encapsulated Semiochemical-Insecticide Formulations for Adult Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Control

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Volatile semiochemical impact on trapping and distribution in maize of northern and western corn rootworm beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Volatile semiochemical impact on trapping and distribution in maize of northern and western corn rootworm beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Consumption of Residue Containing Cucurbitacin Feeding Stimulant and Reduced Rates of Carbaryl Insecticide by Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Effect of Starch-Based Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Baits on Selected Nontarget Insect Species: Influence of Semiochemical Composition

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