Potential of remote sensing data to support the seismic safety assessment of reinforced concrete buildings affected by slow-moving landslides

Abstract

Different forms of hazard can affect structures throughout their existence. The occurrence of a seismic event in areas exposed to different risks or already affected by other phenomena is highly likely, especially in countries characterized by high seismicity and equally high hydrogeological risk, as Italy. Nevertheless, the seismic safety assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is commonly carried out considering the seismic action only, generally applied to an analytical model, neglecting the stress–strain state induced by previous ongoing phenomena. The aim of this work is to highlight the importance of the seismic safety assessment in a multi-hazard analysis, cumulating the action coming from two different hazards: landslide and earthquake. An existing RC building, located in an area affected by an intermittent landslide phenomenon with slow kinematics, that may also be subjected to strong earthquakes, is used as case study. The Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) approach is used to monitor the evolution in time of the landslide. DInSAR deformation data are used to detect surface ground movements applied to building foundations. A non-linear static analysis procedure is implemented for the code-based seismic safety assessment, in two different scenarios. The seismic assessment of the case-study building is implemented in a condition of structure deformed only for gravity loads, and, then, in a state of known landslide-induced deformed configuration. A comparison is proposed between the building seismic safety assessment performed in both cases, with or without the consideration of the landslide-induced displacements, showing the importance of a multi-hazard evaluation.

Structural Health Monitoring of Curved Roadway Bridges Through Satellite Radar Interferometry and Collapse Simulation

“…In this framework, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) strategies [1][2][3][4][5], based on the analysis of data collected by contact or contactless sensors, play a key role in the early detection of damage and evaluation of the current condition of the structures, and a multidisciplinary approach is fundamental to obtain heterogeneous and complementary information. Recently, among the various technologies used for SHM purposes, Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) has emerged as a powerful tool for following the evolution of the movements of buildings and infrastructures [6][7][8][9][10][11]. InSAR techniques exploit data acquired by satellites orbiting at a distance from the Earth's surface of more than 500 km and are especially suitable for monitoring slow deformations, due to the dependence of the measurements on the revisit time of the satellite over the area of interest.…”

Fragility Curves Assessment of an Existing Typological Rc Building Subjected to the Combined Action of Slow-Moving Settlements and Earthquake

“…Then, Miano et al, 2022 [8] proposed fragility curves for different classes of existing RC buildings under ground differential settlements. Finally, Mele et al [9] studied the combined risk landslide-earthquake for a case study building.…”

ADAfinder Tool Applied to EGMS Data for the Structural Health Monitoring of Urban Settlements

“…From 2007, TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed gave a great improvement, providing X-band data with a very high resolution. Moreover, the launch of the two satellites of the Sentinel-1 constellation, S-1A and S-1B, respectively in 2014 and 2016, even further improved the area coverage and the revisiting time (six days) of the available data acquired in band C. In recent times, many applications of SAR satellite data in the field of structural monitoring and assessments of single constructions have been performed [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Moreover, radar-based techniques are very useful for the monitoring of the ground deformation of wide areas, as demonstrated by many literature works [16][17][18][19][20][21], as well as national and regional services born in different countries in the last five years.…”