Potential of NIR‐FT‐Raman spectroscopy in natural carotenoid analysis

Schulz, Hartwig; Barańska, Małgorzata; Barański, Rafał

doi:10.1002/bip.20215

Cited by 274 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The RR spectra (Fig. 8) are very similar to those reported previously (14,38). However, as the C-H out-of-plane wagging vibrations have been considered to be an important reporter of zeaxanthin binding to PsbS (14,15), a curve-fitting analysis of the 930 -990 cm Ϫ1 frequency region has been carried out (Fig.…”

Section: Wt E122q E226q Npq4supporting

confidence: 78%

Interactions between the Photosystem II Subunit PsbS and Xanthophylls Studied in Vivo and in Vitro

Bonente

Howes

Caffarri

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

127

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The photosystem II subunit PsbS is essential for excess energy dissipation (qE); however, both lutein and zeaxanthin are needed for its full activation. Based on previous work, two models can be proposed in which PsbS is either 1) the gene product where the quenching activity is located or 2) a proton-sensing trigger that activates the quencher molecules. The first hypothesis requires xanthophyll binding to two PsbS-binding sites, each activated by the protonation of a dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding lumen-exposed glutamic acid residue. To assess the existence and properties of these xanthophyll-binding sites, PsbS point mutants on each of the two Glu residues PsbS E122Q and PsbS E226Q were crossed with the npq1/npq4 and lut2/ npq4 mutants lacking zeaxanthin and lutein, respectively. Double mutants E122Q/npq1 and E226Q/npq1 had no qE, whereas E122Q/lut2 and E226Q/lut2 showed a strong qE reduction with respect to both lut2 and single glutamate mutants. These findings exclude a specific interaction between lutein or zeaxanthin and a dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding site and suggest that the dependence of nonphotochemical quenching on xanthophyll composition is not due to pigment binding to PsbS. To verify, in vitro, the capacity of xanthophylls to bind PsbS, we have produced recombinant PsbS refolded with purified pigments and shown that Raman signals, previously attributed to PsbS-zeaxanthin interactions, are in fact due to xanthophyll aggregation. We conclude that the xanthophyll dependence of qE is not due to PsbS but to other pigment-binding proteins, probably of the Lhcb type. Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ)2 is a protective mechanism against overexcitation of photosystem II, consisting of heat dissipation of excess energy. This process, although present in all photosynthetic organisms, has been particularly studied in higher plants and green algae. Early work identified thylakoid lumen acidification as an essential factor for NPQ (1). Excess light increases proton pumping into the thylakoid lumen, which elicits chlorophyll fluorescence quenching dependent on protein protonation events. This is shown by the inhibitory effects of DCCD, a protein-modifying agent that covalently binds to protonatable residues in hydrophobic environments (2). It has been found that the photosystem II subunit PsbS, a DCCD-binding protein (3), is required for NPQ and, in particular, for its rapid and reversible component qE (4). In fact, the capacity for qE depends on the stoichiometric presence of PsbS polypeptide (5). Some insight into the importance of xanthophylls for the NPQ mechanism can be gained from the xanthophyll biosynthesis mutants found in NPQ-depleted plants. In the npq1 mutant, which is unable to convert violaxanthin into zeaxanthin upon lumen acidification, qE is reduced, whereas npq2, which constitutively accumulates zeaxanthin, has faster NPQ induction and slower relaxation kinetics (6). In the lut2 mutant, lacking lutein (7), and in the lut2/npq2 double mutant, which has zeaxanthin as the only xanthophyll (8, ...

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Section: Wt E122q E226q Npq4supporting

confidence: 78%

Interactions between the Photosystem II Subunit PsbS and Xanthophylls Studied in Vivo and in Vitro

Bonente

Howes

Caffarri

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

127

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“…6c) confirmed that the pigments are indeed carotenoids (although the peaks are hypsochromically shifted as a result of solvation), as previously investigated in detail (see, e.g. Strain, 1938; Zang et al ., 1997; Maoka et al ., 2000; Withnall et al ., 2003; Schulz et al ., 2005; Barrell et al ., 2010). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure and optics of the prism‐like petal epidermal cells of Eschscholzia californica (California poppy)

et al. 2018

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Summary The petals of Eschscholzia californica (California poppy) are robust, pliable and typically coloured intensely orange or yellow owing to the presence of carotenoid pigments; they are also highly reflective at certain angles, producing a silky effect.To understand the mechanisms behind colour enhancement and reflectivity in California poppy, which represents a model species among early‐divergent eudicots, we explored the development, ultrastructure, pigment composition and optical properties of the petals using light microscopy and electron microscopy combined with both spectrophotometry and goniometry.The elongated petal epidermal cells each possess a densely thickened prism‐like ridge that is composed primarily of cell wall. The surface ridges strongly focus incident light onto the pigments, which are located in plastids at the cell base.Our results indicate that this highly unusual, deeply ridged surface structure not only enhances the deep colour response in this desert species, but also results in strongly angle‐dependent ‘silky’ reflectivity that is anisotropic and mostly directional.

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“…Figure 3 shows averaged Raman spectra for P. aeruginosa biofilm. It is characterized by vibrational bands typical for nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and carotenoids (see Table 1) [19, [39][40][41][42]. The prominent Raman bands of biofilm belong to proteins: 1002 cm −1 (phenylalanine), 1243 cm −1 (amide III) and 1658 cm −1 (amide I).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antibiotic effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm using Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

Jung

Nam

Choi

et al. 2014

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Abstract:We investigate the mode of action and classification of antibiotic agents (ceftazidime, patulin, and epigallocatechin gallate; EGCG) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) biofilm using Raman spectroscopy with multivariate analysis, including support vector machine (SVM) and principal component analysis (PCA). This method allows for quantitative, label-free, non-invasive and rapid monitoring of biochemical changes in complex biofilm matrices with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, the biofilms were grown and treated with various agents in the microfluidic device, and then transferred onto gold-coated substrates for Raman measurement. Here, we show changes in biochemical properties, and this technology can be used to distinguish between changes induced in P. aeruginosa biofilms using three antibiotic agents. The Raman band intensities associated with DNA and proteins were decreased, compared to control biofilms, when the biofilms were treated with antibiotics. Unlike with exposure to ceftazidime and patulin, the Raman spectrum of biofilms exposed to EGCG showed a shift in the spectral position of the CH deformation stretch band from 1313 cm −1 to 1333 cm −1 , and there was no difference in the band intensity at 1530 cm −1 (C = C stretching, carotenoids). The PCA-SVM analysis results show that antibiotic-treated biofilms can be detected with high sensitivity of 93.33%, a specificity of 100% and an accuracy of 98.33%. This method also discriminated the three antibiotic agents based on the cellular biochemical and structural changes induced by antibiotics with high sensitivity and specificity of 100%. This study suggests that Raman spectroscopy with PCA-SVM is potentially useful for the rapid identification and classification of clinically-relevant antibiotics of bacteria biofilm. Furthermore, this method could be a powerful approach for the development and screening of new antibiotics.

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Potential of NIR‐FT‐Raman spectroscopy in natural carotenoid analysis

Abstract: This paper demonstrates the special advantages of FT-

Cited by 274 publications

References 43 publications

Interactions between the Photosystem II Subunit PsbS and Xanthophylls Studied in Vivo and in Vitro

Interactions between the Photosystem II Subunit PsbS and Xanthophylls Studied in Vivo and in Vitro

Ultrastructure and optics of the prism‐like petal epidermal cells of Eschscholzia californica (California poppy)

Evaluation of antibiotic effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm using Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

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