Potential of Deploying Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) for Biomass Cofiring in Malaysia’s Largest Coal Power Plant

Salleh, Siti Fatihah; Rahman, Adlansyah Abd; Abdullah, Tuan Ab Rashid Tuan

doi:10.1109/pecon.2018.8684124

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As compared to raw EFB, the volatile matter also decreased [18]. HTT of EFB also reduces the moisture content to approximately 3%, improving the drying performance as raw EFB is known for its high moisture content, around 65-67% [5,22].…”

Section: Required Process For Co-firing Palm Oil Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, more efforts should be made to optimize the utilisation of biomass in thermal power plants. About 72% weight of the fresh fruit bunches (FFB) from palm oil waste is left as residues in solid form after the oil extraction [5]; these residues are empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm mesocarp fiber (PMF), and palm kernel shell (PKS). After the FFB has been pressurized, cooked, and stripped from the bunch for the oil extraction, it will produce the EFB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Palm Oil Mill Wastes Properties for Thermal Power Plants

Yacob

Mohamed

Shamsuddin

2021

ARFMTS

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Renewable energy is a reliable solution for addressing global warming and fossil fuel depletion issues. Due to the abundance of biomass resources, such as palm oil wastes, which are currently underutilised, this is an opportunity for Malaysia to seize and implement this renewable energy solution for power generation. Palm oil mill wastes, such as empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm mesocarp fibre (PMF), and palm kernel shell (PKS), are worth to be investigated as a possible feedstock for combustion in thermal power plants. Co-combustion or co-firing of biomass in coal-fired thermal power plants offers a significant potential to reduce harmful emissions and represents a low cost and low-risk method. This paper aims to review and compare existing biomass thermal combustion technologies globally to evaluate the potential of utilising palm oil waste with coal. Before undergoing various pretreatment options, it is necessary to understand the feedstock characteristics for thermal power plant combustion. It is recommended to implement the combustion of palm oil wastes with coal in Malaysia to reduce harmful pollution. Based on the findings, Malaysia appears to be on the right track to optimise the use of palm oil wastes for electricity generation. The enhanced usage will reduce the negative impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

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Section: Required Process For Co-firing Palm Oil Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Palm Oil Mill Wastes Properties for Thermal Power Plants

Yacob

Mohamed

Shamsuddin

2021

ARFMTS

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“…The impracticality here is attributed by two key parameters -transportation cost as well as CO 2 emission. Salleh et al [137] reported that the standard rate for a lorry to deliver 10 metric tons of biomass is varied: RM 200 for distance less than 30 km, RM 300 for distance in between 300 and 500 km, and RM 500 for distance beyond 500 km. Further, consumption of a gallon diesel fuel for 5.9-mile travel (equivalent to 9.5 km) emits 0.0002 metric tons CO 2 to the atmosphere [137,138].…”

Section: Challenges Of Biomass Energy Implementation and Mitigation: Malaysia Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salleh et al [137] reported that the standard rate for a lorry to deliver 10 metric tons of biomass is varied: RM 200 for distance less than 30 km, RM 300 for distance in between 300 and 500 km, and RM 500 for distance beyond 500 km. Further, consumption of a gallon diesel fuel for 5.9-mile travel (equivalent to 9.5 km) emits 0.0002 metric tons CO 2 to the atmosphere [137,138]. Fadzil et al [95] thus recommended that a careful planning by the stakeholders is crucial in ensuring the sufficiency of these biomass supplies to all the large-scale plants.…”

Section: Challenges Of Biomass Energy Implementation and Mitigation: Malaysia Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass Energy in Malaysia: Current Scenario, Policies, and Implementation Challenges

2022

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The energy demand in Malaysia has shown a dramatic increase over the last few years: with natural gas and coal being the primary contributors. Nevertheless, due to declining in fossil fuel reserves coupled with negative environmental impacts, shifting to sustainable renewable energy for meeting the future energy demand is recommended. Since Malaysia is rich with natural resources, utilization of biomass energy (bioenergy/biofuel) as the alternative energy is promising to be further explored. Therefore, this review paper intents to discuss the current scenario of different types of biomass energy in Malaysia along with the up-to-date local biomass energy-related environmental policy (from 2016 onwards). In addition, challenges and barriers for large-scale implementation of the biomass energy in Malaysia are to be discussed. Overall, this review paper is interesting as it can assist in promoting the biomass utilization as energy source, and to ensure the future growth of biomass energy market in the country along with its effective implementation while alleviating poor disposal problem and to create job employment opportunities. Furthermore, a collective effort to expand potential biomass feedstocks, apart from oil palm, should be emphasized to encourage the renewable energy production diversification in the nation.

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“…USD 70.85 per ton, which was calculated to be c.a. USD 72.62 per ton in the year 2021, when the CPI inflation rate was taken into consideration [28,29]. EFB, PF, and GP have different elemental and lignocellulosic compositions, as well as surface textures, which can result in the production of carbon materials with different properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Potential of Various Biomass Waste for the Synthesis of Carbon Material for Energy Storage Application

Lim

Pang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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The metal–air battery (MAB) has been a promising technology to store energy, with its outstanding energy density, as well as safety features. Yet, the current material used as air cathode is costly and not easily available. This study investigated a few biomass wastes with good potential, including the oil palm empty fruit bunch and garlic peel, as well as the oil palm frond, to determine a sufficiently environmentally-safe, yet efficient, precursor to produce carbon material as an electro-catalyst for MAB. The precursors were carbonized at different temperatures (450, 600, and 700 °C) and time (30, 45, and 60 min) followed by chemical (KOH) activation to synthesize the carbon material. The synthesized materials were subsequently studied through chemical, as well as physical characterization. It was found that PF presented superior tunability that can improve electrical conductivity, due to its ability to produce amorphous carbon particles with a smaller size, consisting of hierarchical porous structure, along with a higher specific surface area of up to 777.62 m2g−1, when carbonized at 600 °C for 60 min. This paper identified that PF has the potential as a sustainable and cost-efficient alternative to carbon nanotube (CNT) as an electro-catalyst for energy storage application, such as MAB.

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Potential of Deploying Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) for Biomass Cofiring in Malaysia’s Largest Coal Power Plant

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Investigating the Palm Oil Mill Wastes Properties for Thermal Power Plants

Investigating the Palm Oil Mill Wastes Properties for Thermal Power Plants

Biomass Energy in Malaysia: Current Scenario, Policies, and Implementation Challenges

Investigation on the Potential of Various Biomass Waste for the Synthesis of Carbon Material for Energy Storage Application

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