Potential of crop residues and agricultural by-products for feeding sheep in a Gambian village

Njie, Matarr; Reed, Jess D.

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(94)00710-q

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Lower OM digestibility was earlier reported for groundnut hay [8,20]. The DM and CP digestibility were lower than values reported by Ikhatua and Adu [8], higher than those published by others [21,25], but similar to that reported by Adebowale and Taiwo [27]. The DM digestibility values were above 500 g/kg DM, the minimum requirement at zero liveweight gain or maintenance in ruminants, which was similar to the observations, made for groundnut and crop residues, in general [20].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…The inconsistencies in CP and fibre contents reported by different authors might have resulted partly from differences in plant management, leaf-to-stem ratios, cell wall configuration or cultivar [5]. Estimated ME values were lower than the 9.7 ME MJ/kg DM reported by Elgunaid [20], but similar to 7.7 MJ/kg OM reported by Njie and Reed [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) was higher than in earlier reports on groundnut fodder [10,25,26] except for M572-80I, but lower than 656 g/kg DM reported by Badr and Elhag [22], whereas acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents were similar to the reported values by some workers [7], but lower than 552 g/kg DM, 392 g/kg DM, 169 g/kg DM and 471 g/kg DM recorded by others [22,23,24,26]. The observed differences in HC and CL are likely to influence intake and digestibility of the groundnut stover from the six cultivars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Utilization of stover from six improved dual-purpose Groundnut(<i>arachis hypogaea l.</i>) Cultivars by West African dwarf sheep

Etela¹,

Dung²

2011

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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The study was set up to evaluate fodder from six dual-purpose groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars for animal performance and rumen dry matter (DM) degradability characteristics. Thirty-six West African dwarf (WAD) sheep were used to evaluate the utilization of groundnut stover from six improved dual-purpose cultivars (M170-80I; M554-76; M572-80I; RMP-12; UGA-2; UGA-5) as sole diets over 70 d. Rumen DM degradability characteristics were studied using four WAD sheep in a completely randomized design. Dry matter, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and metabolisable energy (ME) contents were similar while, cultivar RMP-12 recorded the highest (P < 0.05) hemicellulose (64 g/kg DM and cellulose (396 g/kg DM) contents. Organic matter (58.1 to 71.9 g/kg metabolic weight (W 0.75 )/d) and NDF (32 to 41 g/kg W 0.75 /d) intake were significantly different (P < 0.05). The digestibility of DM (508 to 623 g/kg DM), OM (498 to 626 g/kg DM) and CP (488 to 588 g/kg DM) differed (P < 0.05). Similarly, NDF digestibility (488 to 635 g/kg DM) and ADF digestibility (406 to 572 g/kg DM) were significantly different (P < 0.05). Nitrogen balance (3.0±0.98 g/d) was similar (P > 0.05) among cultivars, whereas available protein ranged (P < 0.05) from 2.5 g d -1 for RMP-12 to 29.0 g d -1 for M170-80I. Liveweight changes (LWC) varied between 6 g/d weight loss by sheep on UGA-2 fodder and 46 g/d in M170-80I. Soluble fraction (a) differed significantly (P < 0.05) ranging between 197 and 351 g/kg DM, while degradable fraction (b) and rate of degradation of b (c) were not significantly different. The 48-h degradation (501 to 596 g/kg DM), potential degradability; PD (584 to 687 g/kg DM) and effective degradability; ED (415 to 489 g/kg DM) varied (P < 0.05). Groundnut stover could be fed as sole diets or supplements to WAD sheep, and the cultivars ranked in decreasing order of stover quality as: M170-80I > UGA-5 > M572-80I = UGA-2 > 50 RMP-12 > M554-76. While sole-feeding groundnut has been illustrated to result in improved weight gain in WAD sheep, it might also be economical to use the fodder as a supplement.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Utilization of stover from six improved dual-purpose Groundnut(<i>arachis hypogaea l.</i>) Cultivars by West African dwarf sheep

Etela¹,

Dung²

2011

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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“…The leaf had higher N and DMD, but lower NDF and ADF concentrations, than the stem and pod wall fractions. This was in accord with other reports (Larbi et al, 1999;Njie and Reed, 1995;Pieltain et al, 1996) in common bean and groundnut. The N concentration of leaf and stem fractions in the early harvest in the present study were similar to those reported by Pieltain et al (1996).…”

Section: Effect Of Crop Growth Stage At Harvest On Seed and Haulm Dm supporting

confidence: 82%

Options for improving the yield and nutritive value of maize and grain legume residues for ruminants in East African farming systems

Dejene¹

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The role and importance of livestock in smallholder crop-livestock systems and the importance of crop residues (CR) as ruminant feedstuffs in such systems are well established. The effects of genotype (G), environment (E) and crop management (M) factors on yields of grain and CR and the nutritive value of the CR of maize (Zea mays) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) were investigated in an East African context. Genotype effects were examined in early and medium maturing (EM and MM, respectively) maize hybrids and popular varieties of common bean. Environment was examined at three sites for maize in the 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons and at four sites for common bean in 2013. Management effects examined were plant density (D) (5 and 7 plants/m 2 ), height of cutting at harvest in maize, and harvest at early and final seed maturity in common bean. Quality attributes (nitrogen (N), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents and dry matter digestibility (DMD)) were analysed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and calibrations expanded and validated with reference samples of CR representing the experimental sample set.There was substantial variation (P<0.05 to P<0.0001) among maize genotypes in yields of grain and stover and quality of stover as a feedstuff. Dual purpose genotypes were identified but G x E interactions for some yield and quality attributes showed that the variation among genotypes can depend on environment. In general the higher D increased yields of grain by 9-15% and stover by 21-31%, but had only minor effects on stover quality attributes. Year (Y) x density (D), G x E and G x D interactions were observed for some of the yield and stover attributes.High cutting height of maize (two internodes below the lowest ear) allowed harvest of most of the stover (on average 63-72% in EM and MM genotypes, respectively) as feedstuff while leaving stubble in the field available for other uses. This is established practice by farmers in some regions. The amount and quality as a feedstuff of the upper and lower stover components varied (P<0.01) among genotypes. N and DMD were 0.05-0.09% and 1.7-3.6%, respectively higher (P<0.0001) in the upper fraction of the stover than in whole stover. Thus evaluation and estimation of the amount and quality of maize stover available as a feedstuff should consider harvest at high cutting height to increase quality. G x E interactions were observed in yield and in some stover attributes in the upper and lower fractions, but these were not consistent.ii Common bean varieties varied (P<0.05 to P<0.0001) in yields of seed and haulm and in the nutritive value of haulm fractions (leaf, stem and pod wall) when harvested at seed maturity. There was extensive leaf loss at seed maturity which decreased haulm quality.Seed and haulm yields were correlated (r=0.87). Seed yield was generally not related to haulm quality as N% or DMD%. The variation in yield and haulm feedstuff quality was also examined in common bean varieties harvested at early se...

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“…Groundnut haulms along with cowpea, soybean threshing and cereals bran are major crop residues and agro-processing by-products used for animal fattening in the West African Sahel and other tropical countries (Ayantunde et al, 2007;An, 1998;Lamidi et al, 2008). Groundnut tops (haulms) after pod harvesting provides important feed resources for livestock production and is extensively fed to ruminants especially in the dry season (Njie and Reed, 1995;Olorunju et al, 1996). An estimated 1.3 million tonnes of groundnut haulms are reported to be produced annually in the seven major groundnut producing states of Sokoto, Kano, Bauchi, Kaduna, Benue, Borno and Adamawa ((Alhassan,1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dressing percentage and carcass characteristics of Bunaji bulls fattened on varying inclusion levels of groundnut haulms and maize offal

Goska

Kibon²,

Madziga

et al. 2020

NJAP

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Animal carcasses vary in composition through genetic, age and sex of animal, nutritional and environmental effects. Twenty Bunaji bulls with average live weights of 196±0.5 kg and aged between 21/ and 3 years were used for the trial. The bulls were divided to four groups of five 2 animals balanced by weight with an animal as a replicate in a completely randomized design and were allocated to four dietary treatments consisting of 80: 20, 60: 40, 40: 60 and 20: 80% groundnut haulms: maize offal. Feed intake, live and carcass weights and weight of carcass components and offal were used to assess the carcass characteristics. Feed intake and final weight differed (P<0.05) significantly with the bulls on 40: 60 and 20: 80% groundnut haulms: maize offal inclusion levels having higher values of 7.49 and 7.57 kg/d and 276.60 and 279.60 kg against 6.93 and 7.16 kg/d and 242.40 and 252.60 kg/d for those on 80: 20 and 60: 40% inclusion levels, respectively. Similarly, feed conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) higher for the bulls on 40: 60 and 20:80% inclusion levels than those on 80: 20 and 60: 40% inclusion levels. The carcass components used were: empty carcass (kg), dressing percentage, weight of dissectible beef (kg), beef yield % of carcass weight, internal offal (liver, spleen, heart, kidney, empty stomach and intestine) and external offal (head, tail, legs and hide). Result also showed that there was significant (P<0.05) difference in all the carcass components, dressing percentage and weight of legs spleen, kidney and empty intestines between the treatments. However, no differences were observed for the weights of liver, heart, empty stomach, head and hide. It is concluded that higher proportion of maize offal in the diet influence most carcass components.

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Potential of crop residues and agricultural by-products for feeding sheep in a Gambian village

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Utilization of stover from six improved dual-purpose Groundnut(<i>arachis hypogaea l.</i>) Cultivars by West African dwarf sheep

Utilization of stover from six improved dual-purpose Groundnut(<i>arachis hypogaea l.</i>) Cultivars by West African dwarf sheep

Options for improving the yield and nutritive value of maize and grain legume residues for ruminants in East African farming systems

Dressing percentage and carcass characteristics of Bunaji bulls fattened on varying inclusion levels of groundnut haulms and maize offal

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