Potential of conservation agriculture (CA) for climate change adaptation and food security under rainfed uplands of India: A transdisciplinary approach

Pradhan, Anjan K.; Chan, Cato; Roul, Pravat Kumar; Halbrendt, Jacqueline; Sipes, B. S.

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2017.01.002

Cited by 91 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Different adaptation approaches like better crop management practices, modern breeding, and biotechnological approaches can develop climate resilient cereals to help cope with climate warming 56,105,106,111,127,[162][163][164][165] . Revolutions in plant breeding (molecular and conventional for incorporation desired characteristics) and genetic engineering (integrated transgenic techniques like marker-trait associations and genome-wide selection) could assist to reduce overwhelming food security concerns against extreme-weather conditions, through producing climate adaptive cereal plants [166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173] . Thus coping with climate warming is an urgent concern globally and in order to adapt cereals to changing climatic conditions, the following approaches are mandatory.…”

Section: Adaptation Strategies In Response To Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of molecular and conventional plant breeding and genetic methods can be helpful to recognize and develop eco-stable varieties with required genotype-environment combinations that will be beneficial in farming under changing climatic circumstances 166,167,[264][265][266][267] . The desirable characters like drought, and cold and heat stress resistance, resistance to pests, and ability to cope with water logging and salinity can be accomplished by integrating conventional, molecular and transgenic techniques 169,170,[268][269][270] . Zachariah et al 271 recommended use of drought-resilient food crops to mitigate the immediate agrarian crisis.…”

Section: Plant Breeding and Genetic Modifications Plant Breeding Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The fingerprints of climate warming on cereal crops phenology and adaptation options

Fatima

Ahmed

Hussain

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

187

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Growth and development of cereal crops are linked to weather, day length and growing degree-days (GDDs) which make them responsive to the specific environments in specific seasons. Global temperature is rising due to human activities such as burning of fossil fuels and clearance of woodlands for building construction. The rise in temperature disrupts crop growth and development. Disturbance mainly causes a shift in phenological development of crops and affects their economic yield. Scientists and farmers adapt to these phenological shifts, in part, by changing sowing time and cultivar shifts which may increase or decrease crop growth duration. Nonetheless, climate warming is a global phenomenon and cannot be avoided. In this scenario, food security can be ensured by improving cereal production through agronomic management, breeding of climate-adapted genotypes and increasing genetic biodiversity. In this review, climate warming, its impact and consequences are discussed with reference to their influences on phenological shifts. Furthermore, how different cereal crops adapt to climate warming by regulating their phenological development is elaborated. Based on the above mentioned discussion, different management strategies to cope with climate warming are suggested.

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Section: Adaptation Strategies In Response To Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plant Breeding and Genetic Modifications Plant Breeding Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fingerprints of climate warming on cereal crops phenology and adaptation options

Fatima

Ahmed

Hussain

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

187

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“…Conservation agriculture and its components have been associated with many benefits including greater soil water storage (Verhulst et al, 2011;Lampurlanés et al, 2016;Page et al, 2019), improved soil quality (Jat et al, 2019;Somasundaram et al, 2019), decreased erosion (Montgomery, 2007), and in some instances, greater yield and net farm income (Thierfelder et al, 2015;Pradhan et al, 2018;Page et al, 2019). These benefits have led to the identification of CA as an important tool to help ensure future food production and help buffer agricultural productivity against extreme climate events, such as drought and heat waves, which are likely to increase in frequency under climate change (FAO, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ability of Conservation Agriculture to Conserve Soil Organic Carbon and the Subsequent Impact on Soil Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties and Yield

Page

Dang

Dalal

2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

191

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Increases in human populations and the emerging challenges of climate change mean that the world's agricultural systems will need to produce more food in an environment that is increasingly variable and where the quality of our natural resource base is declining. One central measure of an agricultural system's capacity to do this is its ability to preserve soil organic carbon (SOC), due to the pivotal role that this plays in maintaining soil physical, chemical, and biological properties and ultimately yield. This narrative review examines the literature published worldwide over the last 30 years to assess the impact of one widely applied agricultural management system, conservation agriculture (CA), on its ability to maintain SOC and the subsequent impacts on soil physical, chemical and biological properties, and yield. While the effects of CA on SOC worldwide are variable, with both increases and decreases observed, in regions where soil and climatic conditions are favorable for biomass production and where the system does not negatively impact yield, then CA can lead to higher amounts of SOC relative to conventionally managed systems, particularly in the surface of the soil profile. Where greater SOC occurs, these are also often accompanied by improvements in soil structure, water infiltration and soil water storage, plant nutrient availability, microbial biomass and diversity, and yield. However, where CA is used in certain environments (e.g., cold, wet environments with poorly drained soils) or where the CA system has not been well-adapted to local conditions, taking into account the specific agronomic, social, and environmental challenges present, then it may not be a successful system of management. Farmers require access to a range of tools and resources to allow them to identify if the principles of CA are likely to lead be appropriate for their situation and well-designed, locally adapted systems to successfully overcome the agronomic, social and economic challenges that can be associated with its use.

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“…Increased yield of the component crops in the system under permanent beds with residue and crop diversification might be due to the complementary effects of each other resulted into less production cost and higher net return. Combined, these results clearly demonstrate the potential of CA towards sustainable intensification of crop production to improve future household income and food security 28,29 .Incorporation of maize in the system increased the net profit under permanent beds and residue retention might be due to higher grain yield which accrued higher revenue besides the less cost of production under CA practices. Table 2.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Production And Economicsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Sustainability, Productivity, Profitability and Soil Health With Conservation Agriculture-Based Sustainable Intensification of Oilseed Brassica Production System

Jat

Choudhary

Singh

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Conservation Agriculture (CA) practices getting space world-wide to answer many emerging challenges like; declining factor productivity, deteriorating soil health, water scarcity, climate change, and farm profitability and sustainability. Oilseed brassica (Indian mustard, Brassica juncea L.), a winter oilseed grown under rainfed agro-ecosystem vulnerable to low yields, high production cost, degrading soil and water quality, and climatic vagaries. The present study was undertaken on CA-based sustainable intensification of Indian mustard for enhancing inputs efficiencies, farm profitability and sustainability. Permanent beds with residue retention (PB+R) improved mustard equivalent yield (11.4%) and system grain yield (10.6%) compared to conventional tillage without residue (CT-R). Maize-mustard (Mz-M) increased system grain yield (142.9%) as well as mustard equivalent yield (60.7%) compared to fallow-mustard (F-M). Mz-M system under PB+R increased sustainable yield index (376.5%), production efficiency (177.2%), economic efficiency (94%) and irrigation water productivity (66%) compared to F-M under CT-R. PB+R increased soil organic carbon (SOC) stock at 0-15 cm (17.7%) and 15-30 cm (29.5%) soil depth compared to CT-R. Intensification of F-M system with green gram–mustard (GG-M) improved SOC at 0-15 cm (27.4%) and 15-30 cm (20.5%) compared to F-M. CA-based cluster bean-mustard/GG-M system increased N productivity, whereas, P and K productivity improved with Mz-M system compared to F-M under CT-R. Thus, CA-based Mz-M system should be out-scaled in the traditional rainfed fallow-mustard system to improve the farm production and income on holistic basis to make the country self-sufficient in edible oils.

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Potential of conservation agriculture (CA) for climate change adaptation and food security under rainfed uplands of India: A transdisciplinary approach

Cited by 91 publications

References 16 publications

The fingerprints of climate warming on cereal crops phenology and adaptation options

The fingerprints of climate warming on cereal crops phenology and adaptation options

The Ability of Conservation Agriculture to Conserve Soil Organic Carbon and the Subsequent Impact on Soil Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties and Yield

Sustainability, Productivity, Profitability and Soil Health With Conservation Agriculture-Based Sustainable Intensification of Oilseed Brassica Production System

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