Potential of chitosan alone and in combination with agricultural wastes against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infesting eggplant

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the potential of chitosan alone and in combination with various agricultural wastes for the management of rootknot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on eggplant cv. 'BR-112' under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that chitosan as a single or joint treatment with agricultural wastes significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced root-knot indices, and the nematode population in soil. As a result, of this, the growth and growth yielding attributes of eggplant were remarkably augmented. Chitosan as an elicitor induced plant mediated systemic resistance against M. incognita in eggplant. The results of the study demonstrated that maximum reduction in eggmass/root, eggs/eggmasses, nematode population and root-knot indices, was acquired by the treatments: chitosan + onion and chitosan + mentha. It was followed by chitosan + Brassica, chitosan + urad and chitosan + coconut whereas, chitosan combined with corn cob waste was found to be the least effective when compared to the control. The application of chitosan alone was effective but not very satisfactory. Compared to the control applications of all the treatments significantly increased plant growth in terms of length, fresh and dry weights, pollen fertility, yield and biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll, carotenoid content and antioxidant enzymes. This may have been due to the eliciting activity of chitosan, causing systemic resistance in the plant and the release of various toxic chemical compounds during decomposition which have lethal effects against the second stage juveniles of M. incognita and nematode multiplication.

Phenol and antioxidant enzymatic activity in root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infected tomato plants treated with chitosan nanoparticles

“…In a similar study by Asif et al, (2017) [1] it was found that the total phenol content in roots increased when nematode infected egg plants were treated with chitosan. Application of chitosan and Bursaphelenchus xylophillus in Pinus pinaster increased total phenolic content on 14 th days of post inoculation.…”

“…The peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymatic activities were enhanced in high molecular weight chitosan treated M. javanica infested tomato plants (Sayd and Mahdy, 2017). Asif et al 2017 [1] studied the peroxidase activities in chitosan treated + M. incognita infested egg plant and untreated inoculated control (nematode alone) after 90 days of nematode inoculation. The peroxidase content was 1.96 gm -1 fresh weight of roots in chitosan treated nematode infested egg plant compared to all other treatments.…”

Biostimulants for Plant Growth Promotion and Sustainable Management of Phytoparasitic Nematodes in Vegetable Crops

“…Literature studies are available also on the suppressive activity of chitosan and/or its derivatives, both alone or combined with other suppressive materials (agricultural wastes, plant compounds, biocontrol agents), either on root-knot nematodes [27][28][29][30] and other phytoparasitic species i.e., the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines Ichinoe and the pinewood parasite Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle [31][32][33].…”

Rice Straw and Peanut Residues Biochars as Eco-Friendly Approaches for Controlling Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Eggplant

“…are intensively dispersed in developing countries and lead to noticeable decreases in growth and productivity (yield) of different crops. Among all RKNS, Meloidogyne incognita is the most precarious and damaging species of nematodes with great losses reach about 80% in greatly infected fields (Kshetrimayum and Das 2015;Arya 2016;Xiao et al, 2016;Asif et al, 2017;Karuri et al, 2017). Moreover, it can parasitize most of the crops under greenhouses and field conditions (El-Sherif et al, 2016;Radwan et al, 2017).…”