Potential of anthocyanin as an anti-inflammatory agent: a human clinical trial on type 2 diabetic, diabetic at-risk and healthy adults

Nikbakht, Elham; Singh, Indu; Vider, Jelena; Williams, Lauren; Vugic, Lada; Gaiz, Almottesembellah; Kundur, Avinash Reddy; Colson, Natalie Jane

doi:10.1007/s00011-021-01438-1

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…All of these articles investigated FBG, 9 of them evaluated HbA 1c , involving 500 participants with T2DM ( 9 , 48–50 , 53–56 , 59 ), 5 of them analyzed 2-h postprandial glucose levels in 309 participants with T2DM ( 9 , 49 , 51 , 52 , 54 ), 6 of them assessed fasting insulin in 315 participants with T2DM ( 50 , 51 , 53–56 ), and 4 of them explored HOMA-IR in 238 participants with T2DM ( 50 , 54–56 ). Out of these articles, 8 studies analyzed the lipid profile, including TG (450 patients with T2DM) ( 9 , 48 , 50 , 52–56 ), TC, HDL, and LDL (415 patients with T2DM) ( 9 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 53–56 , 58 ). Out of these articles, 6 reported SBP and DBP in 265 patients with T2GM ( 9 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 56 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of anthocyanin supplementation in diet on glycemic and related cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Mao,

Akshit,

Mohan

2023

Front. Nutr.

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PurposeThis study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis based on RCTs on the effects of anthocyanins on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the effect on T2DM-related cardiovascular disease.MethodsRCTs published in English from five electronic databases were evaluated for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose, fasting insulin, model assessment for insulin resistance, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. The quality of the studies was rated (Cochrane Risk of Bias tool) and weighted mean differences were calculated (DerSimonian-Laird model with random effects). Leave-one-out sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses were conducted. The strength of the evidence was rated according to the GRADE guidelines.ResultsIn all, 13 RCTs were analyzed out of the 239 identified studies, with a duration longer than 4 weeks (703 participants with T2DM). Our findings indicate that a median dose of 320 mg/day anthocyanins, either from fruit extracts or pure supplements, for a median intervention length of 8 weeks significantly reduced HbA1c [Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) −0.31, p = 0.00], FBG (WMD −0.63, p = 0.00), 2-h postprandial glucose (WMD −1.60, p = 0.00), TG (WMD −0.45, p = 0.01), and LDL (WMD −0.26 p = 0.02). However, the effects of anthocyanins on fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, TC, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in patients with T2DM were not statistically significant. Anthocyanins from fruit extracts or powder exhibited a higher reduction of HbA1c compared to pure anthocyanin supplements.ConclusionThe significant improvements in glycemic parameters and lipid profile, suggest the benefits of anthocyanins, especially from fruit extract or powder, in the management of T2DM, and their ability to delay the onset of lipid disorder-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease associated with T2DM. The mechanism behind this reduction in glycemic markers could be attributed to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of anthocyanins. Further research with well-designed RCTs is required to determine the optimal dosage of anthocyanins for the treatment of T2DM and to comprehend the consequences.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of anthocyanin supplementation in diet on glycemic and related cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Mao,

Akshit,

Mohan

2023

Front. Nutr.

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“…These results show that rice pigment fraction display cardioprotective effects by improving plasma antioxidant status and inhibiting inflammatory factors. Using an open-label clinical trial comprising 40 healthy, type-II diabetic, and type-II diabetic-at-risk patients, 89 320 mg ANT supplementation as a nutraceutical per day over 4 weeks was given to patients. In the diabetic patients, the secretion of pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α) was downregulated, while fasting blood glucose, LDL-C, and uric acid levels were improved in type-II diabetic-at risk patients.…”

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiovascular health-related biomarkers: a systematic review of animal and human interventions

Mohammadi,

Farrell,

O'Sullivan

et al. 2024

Food Funct.

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“…However, the 12-week ANC supplementation at a dose of 80 mg/day or 320 mg/day resulted in a significant decrease in serum IL-6 and TNF-α. In a recent clinical trial performed by Nikbakht et al (2021) [66], the anti-inflammatory effect of ANCs in type 2 diabetic (T2D), T2D-at-risk, and healthy individuals was evaluated. Participants were assigned to 4 weeks of ANC intervention in capsule form (Medox ® ) at a daily dose of 320 mg ANCs (four capsules of 80 mg), extracted from bilberries and blackcurrants.…”

Section: Relevance Of Natural Acylated and Non-acylated Anthocyanins ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Activities and Chemical Stability of Natural and Enzymatically Acylated Anthocyanins: A Comparative Review

et al. 2023

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Anthocyanins (ANCs) are naturally occurring water-soluble pigments responsible for conferring red, blue, and purple colors to fruits, vegetables, flowers, and grains. Due to their chemical structure, they are highly susceptible to degradation by external factors, such as pH, light, temperature, and oxygen. Naturally acylated anthocyanins have proven to be more stable in response to external factors and exhibit superior biological effects as compared with their non-acylated analogues. Therefore, synthetic acylation represents a viable alternative to make the application of these compounds more suitable for use. Enzyme-mediated synthetic acylation produces derivatives that are highly similar to those obtained through the natural acylation process, with the main difference between these two pathways being the catalytic site of the enzymes involved in the synthesis; acyltransferases catalyze natural acylation, while lipases catalyze synthetic acylation. In both cases, their active sites perform the addition of carbon chains to the hydroxyl groups of anthocyanin glycosyl moieties. Currently, there is no comparative information regarding natural and enzymatically acylated anthocyanins. In this sense, the aim of this review is to compare natural and enzyme-mediated synthetic acylated anthocyanins in terms of chemical stability and pharmacological activity with a focus on inflammation and diabetes.

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Potential of anthocyanin as an anti-inflammatory agent: a human clinical trial on type 2 diabetic, diabetic at-risk and healthy adults

Cited by 25 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of anthocyanin supplementation in diet on glycemic and related cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Effects of anthocyanin supplementation in diet on glycemic and related cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Effectiveness of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiovascular health-related biomarkers: a systematic review of animal and human interventions

Pharmacological Activities and Chemical Stability of Natural and Enzymatically Acylated Anthocyanins: A Comparative Review

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