Potential neurological impact of coronaviruses: implications for the novel SARS-CoV-2

Iroegbu, Joy D.; Ifenatuoha, Chibuzor W.; Ijomone, Omamuyovwi M.

doi:10.1007/s10072-020-04469-4

Cited by 73 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(124 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…One of our patients had a similar finding in his brain imaging/pathology studies. Other scenarios for acute symptomatic seizures in critically ill patients with COVID-19 have also been reported before [18][19][20][21]. All of our patients were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) and had hypoxemia, two patients had metabolic derangements, and one child suffered from febrile status epilepticus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Seizure in patients with COVID-19

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective The purpose of the current study was to collect the data on the occurrence of seizures in patients with COVID-19 and to clarify the circumstances of the occurrence of seizures in these patients. Methods All consecutive patients who referred to healthcare facilities anywhere in Fars province (located in South Iran with a population of 4.851 million people) from February 19 until June 2, 2020, and had confirmed COVID-19 by positive result on polymerase chain reaction testing and seizure were included. Results During the study period, 6,147 people had confirmed COVID-19 in Fars province, Iran; 110 people died from the illness (case fatality rate 1.79%). During this time period, five people had seizures (seizure rate 0.08%). In four patients, seizure was one of the presenting manifestations, and in one person, it happened during the course of hospital admission. Two patients had status epilepticus. All patients experienced hypoxemia and four of them needed respirator. Two patients had related metabolic derangements and one had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytic pleocytosis. Brain imaging was abnormal in three patients. Four patients died. Conclusion New-onset seizures in critically ill patients with COVID-19 should be considered as acute symptomatic seizures and the treating physician should try to determine the etiology of the seizure and manage the cause immediately and appropriately. Detailed clinical, neurological, imaging, and electrophysiological investigations and attempts to isolate SARS-CoV-2 from CSF may clarify the role played by this virus in causing seizures in these patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Seizure in patients with COVID-19

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This binding results in downregulation of ACE-2 expression as well as the viral entry and replication (20). Loss of ACE-2 expression leads to dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system which causes an elevated production of angiotensin II (21). The overproduction of angiotensin II results in a cascade of interactions that eventually leads to severe acute lung injury (21).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Neuromuscular Involvement In Sars-cov-2 Angiotementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loss of ACE-2 expression leads to dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system which causes an elevated production of angiotensin II (21). The overproduction of angiotensin II results in a cascade of interactions that eventually leads to severe acute lung injury (21). ACE2 receptors are present widespread throughout the brain, including cardio-respiratory neurons of the brainstem (dorsal vagal complex), endothelial cells, glial cells, basal ganglia, motor cortex, and raphe (21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Neuromuscular Involvement In Sars-cov-2 Angiotementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overproduction of angiotensin II results in a cascade of interactions that eventually leads to severe acute lung injury (21). ACE2 receptors are present widespread throughout the brain, including cardio-respiratory neurons of the brainstem (dorsal vagal complex), endothelial cells, glial cells, basal ganglia, motor cortex, and raphe (21)(22)(23). Once in blood circulation, SARS-COV-2 can travel via hematogenous route to infect the endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier and then accumulate in ACE-2 rich brain regions causing neurological sequelae (21,24).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Neuromuscular Involvement In Sars-cov-2 Angiotementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anatomical organization of olfactory nerve and olfactory bulb in the nasal cavity provides a direct portal for entry of SARS-COV-2 from periphery to CNS (21,27). After infecting nasal cells, COV can reach the brain and cerebrospinal fluid through the olfactory nerve and olfactory bulb within 7 days and cause inflammation and demyelinating reaction (4).…”

Section: Olfactory Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neuromuscular Complications With SARS-COV-2 Infection: A Review

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases were first reported in Wuhan, Hubei province of China in December, 2019. SARS-COV-2 primarily affects the cardio-respiratory system. Over the last few months, several studies have described various neurological sequelae of SARS-COV-2 infection. Neurological complications are more frequent in patients with severe respiratory infections. In this review, we have analyzed the current literature on neuromuscular complications associated with SARS-COV-2 and highlighted possible mechanisms of neuromuscular invasion. We reviewed 11 studies describing 11 cases of Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS), and 1 case each of Miller Fisher syndrome, Polyneuritis Cranialis, Acute myelitis, Oculomotor paralysis and Bell's Palsy associated with SARS-COV-2 infection. Mean age of patients with GBS was 61.54 years, with standard deviation (SD) 14.18 years. Majority patients had fever and cough as the first symptom of SARS COV-2 infection. Mean time for onset of neurological symptoms from initial symptoms in 11 patients was 8.18 days, with SD of 2.86 days. Mean time to performing electrodiagnostic study from onset of neurological symptom was 6 days with standard deviation of 3.25. Six patients had demyelinating pattern, three had acute sensory motor axonal neuropathy, and one had acute motor axonal neuropathy on electrodiagnostic studies.

show abstract

The chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID‐19: The need for a prospective study of viral impact on brain functioning

Erausquin

Snyder

Carrillo

et al. 2021

Alzheimer's & Dementia

156

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction:The increasing evidence of SARS-CoV-2 impact on the central nervous system (CNS) raises key questions on its impact for risk of later life cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and other dementia.Methods: The Alzheimer's Association and representatives from more than 30 countries-with technical guidance from the World Health Organization-have formed an international consortium to study the short-and long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 on the CNS-including the underlying biology that may contribute to AD and other dementias. This consortium will link teams from around the world covering more than 22 million COVID-19 cases to enroll two groups of individuals including people with disease, to be evaluated for follow-up evaluations at 6, 9, and 18 months, and people who are already enrolled in existing international research studies to add additional measures and markers of their underlying biology. Conclusions:The increasing evidence and understanding of SARS-CoV-2's impact on the CNS raises key questions on the impact for risk of later life cognitive decline, AD, and other dementia. This program of studies aims to better understand the long-term consequences that may impact the brain, cognition, and functioning-including the underlying biology that may contribute to AD and other dementias.

show abstract

Potential neurological impact of coronaviruses: implications for the novel SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 73 publications

References 73 publications

Seizure in patients with COVID-19

Seizure in patients with COVID-19

Neuromuscular Complications With SARS-COV-2 Infection: A Review

The chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID‐19: The need for a prospective study of viral impact on brain functioning

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About