Potential Markers of Neurocognitive Disorders After Cardiac Surgery: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis

Abstract

BackgroundIdentifying useful markers is essential for diagnosis and prevention of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs). Here, we attempt to understand the research basis and status, potential hotspots and trends of predictive markers associated with PNDs after cardiac surgery via bibliometric analysis.MethodsA total of 4,609 original research articles and reviews that cited 290 articles between 2001 and 2021 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) as the data source. We used the software CiteSpace to generate and analyze visual networks of bibliographic information, including published years and journals, collaborating institutions, co-cited references, and co-occurring keywords.ResultsThe number of annual and cumulative publications from 2001 to 2021 has been increasing on the whole. The Harvard Medical School was a very prolific and important institution in this field. The journal of Ann Thorac Surg (IF 4.33) had the most publications, while New Engl J Med was the most cited journal. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100b and kynurenic acid (KYNA) were frequently discussed as possible markers of PNDs in many references. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was a keyword with high frequency (430) and sigma (6.26), and inflammation was the most recent burst keyword.ConclusionPotential markers of PNDs has received growing attention across various disciplines for many years. The research basis mainly focuses on three classic biomarkers of S100b, NSE, and KYNA. The most active frontiers are the inflammation-related biomarkers (e.g., inflammatory cells, cytokines, or mediators) and surgery-related monitoring parameters (e.g., perfusion, oxygen saturation, and the depth of anesthesia).

Decreased default mode network functional connectivity with visual processing regions as potential biomarkers for delayed neurocognitive recovery: A resting-state fMRI study and machine-learning analysis

“…Consistent with cognitive disorders like AD and MCI, and in addition to memory deficits, impairment in other cognitive domains is present in DNR. Many studies used neuropsychological tests to demonstrate visual cognitive dysfunction in DNR patients (Lage et al, 2021;Ji and Li, 2022;Zhao et al, 2022). We also found that the DNR patients showed poor performance postoperatively in visual attention, visual memory, visual-spatial scanning, and visual search speed assessed by DSST and TMT-A.…”

The Tryptophan and Kynurenine Pathway Involved in the Development of Immune-Related Diseases

“…Notably, increased levels of cerebral kynurenic acid have been detected in the aged brain and in several major neurological and psychiatric diseases [ 85 ]. Kynurenic acid has been also suggested to be related to cognitive impairments [ 86 ], which have been frequently discussed as possible markers of perioperative neurocognitive disorders [ 87 ]. A lower level of kynurenic acid has been associated with worse cognitive functioning in a bipolar depression group [ 88 ] ( Figure 2 ).…”

Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Biomechanical Research on Lumbar Intervertebral Disc

“…The succinct summary of research contents using keywords allows for an analysis of high-frequency keywords, providing insight into the main research content and hot topics within a particular field. [86][87][88] Figure 9 depicts the cooccurrence relationship and average appearance time of keywords appearing no less than 15 times. It can be observed that keywords such as biomechanics, lumbar spine, and IVD appear earlier due to the focus of the study, while keywords such as finite element analysis (FEA), low back pain, and IVD degeneration occur frequently in recent years.…”