Potential implications of acoustic stimuli as a non‐physical barrier to silver carp and bighead carp

Murchy, Kelsie A.; Cupp, Aaron R.; Amberg, Jon J.; Vetter, Brooke J.; Fredricks, Kim T.; Gaikowski, Mark P.; Mensinger, Allen F.

doi:10.1111/fme.12220

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…While earlier studies show general movement away from a sound source [10,11,37,38], our study clearly shows that particle motion is used for orientation and could be used to direct all species of carp away from an area. Nevertheless, carp barrier design should consider the fact that particle motion attenuates rapidly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Silver, bighead, and common carp orient to acoustic particle motion when avoiding a complex sound

Zielinski

Sorensen

2017

PLoS ONE

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Behavioral responses of silver carp (Hypopthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp (H. nobilis), and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to a complex, broadband sound were tested in the absence of visual cues to determine whether these species are negatively phonotaxic and the roles that sound pressure and particle motion might play mediating this response. In a dark featureless square enclosure, groups of 3 fish were tracked and the distance of each fish from speakers and their swimming trajectories relative to sound pressure and particle acceleration were analyzed before, and then while an outboard motor sound was played. All three species exhibited negative phonotaxis during the first two exposures after which they ceased responding. The median percent time fish spent near the active speaker for the first two trials decreased from 7.0% to 1.3% for silver carp, 7.9% to 1.1% for bighead carp, and 9.5% to 3% for common carp. Notably, when close to the active speaker fish swam away from the source and maintained a nearly perfect 0° orientation to the axes of particle acceleration. Fish did not enter sound fields greater than 140 dB (ref. 1 μPa). These results demonstrate that carp avoid complex sounds in darkness and while initial responses may be informed by sound pressure, sustained oriented avoidance behavior is likely mediated by particle motion. This understanding of how invasive carp use particle motion to guide avoidance could be used to design new acoustic deterrents to divert them in dark, turbid river waters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Silver, bighead, and common carp orient to acoustic particle motion when avoiding a complex sound

Zielinski

Sorensen

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…First, the movement of individual fish could be modeled and examined through time using Markov chain state‐space models on the level of the individual fish. Second, studies similar to Cupp et al (2017) have been conducted examining other stressors (e.g., sound by Murchy et al, 2017). Data sets, such as Murchy et al (2017), could be re‐analyzed that would allow comparisons between stressors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, studies similar to Cupp et al (2017) have been conducted examining other stressors (e.g., sound by Murchy et al, 2017). Data sets, such as Murchy et al (2017), could be re‐analyzed that would allow comparisons between stressors. The responses to these other stressors would provide empirical support for why fish movement changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers commonly use acoustic telemetry as a tool to track the fine‐scale locations of individual fish. Examples include Cupp, Erickson, and Fredricks (2017), who demonstrated CO 2 may be a possible deterrent for Asian carp; Rivera, Glover, and Kocovsky (2018), who demonstrated water guns did not deter Asian carp; and Murchy, Cupp, and Amberg (2017), who demonstrated sound may be a possible deterrent for Asian carp. Also worth noting is follow‐up research that CO 2 changed caused Asian carp to avoid a barrier deterrent, but using air alone did not cause Asian carp to avoid a barrier deterrent (Cupp, personal observation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Markov chains to quantitatively assess movement patterns of invasive fishes impacted by a carbon dioxide barrier in outdoor ponds

Borland

Mulcahy

Bennie

et al. 2020

Natural Resource Modeling

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Natural resource managers use barriers to deter the movement of aquatic invasive species. Research and development of new invasive species barriers is often evaluated in pond and field scales using high‐resolution telemetry data. Telemetry data sets can be a rich source of data about fish movement and behavior but can be difficult to analyze due to the size of these data sets as well as their irregular sampling intervals. Due to the challenges, most barrier studies only use summary endpoints, such as barrier passage counts or average (e.g., mean or median) fish distance from the barrier, to describe the data. To examine more fine‐scale fish movement patterns, we developed a first‐order Markov chain. We then used this model to help understand the impacts of a barrier on fish behavior. For our study system, we used data from a previous study examining how bighead and silver carp (two invasive fish species in the United States) responded to a carbon dioxide (CO2) barrier in a pond. Considerations for management Based upon our findings, management considerations include: Markov chains can be used to describe and quantify movement patterns of aquatic organisms responding to barriers. These models provide insight not possible with previously used summary approaches. The CO2 barrier changed both the locations of fish and movement patterns of fish. The changes in movement were not captured using conventional endpoints. Specifically, fish had less random movement patterns during periods of CO2 exposure. This provides evidence that bighead and silver carp actively avoided areas with CO2 and also shows that our approach can help assess random versus nonrandom movements

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“…Following these observations, sound has been used successfully as a non-physical barrier to fish movement, for example to deter them from entering the water intakes of power plants and dams (e.g. 12,13 ). Similarly, Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADD) that produce intense aversive sounds are increasingly being used as way to deter depredating species, typically pinnipeds, from aquaculture facilities 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of underwater sounds on shark behaviour

Chapuis

Collin

Yopak

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The effect of sound on the behaviour of sharks has not been investigated since the 1970s. Sound is, however, an important sensory stimulus underwater, as it can spread in all directions quickly and propagate further than any other sensory cue. We used a baited underwater camera rig to record the behavioural responses of eight species of sharks (seven reef and coastal shark species and the white shark, Carcharodon carcharias ) to the playback of two distinct sound stimuli in the wild: an orca call sequence and an artificially generated sound. When sounds were playing, reef and coastal sharks were less numerous in the area, were responsible for fewer interactions with the baited test rigs, and displayed less ‘inquisitive’ behaviour, compared to during silent control trials. White sharks spent less time around the baited camera rig when the artificial sound was presented, but showed no significant difference in behaviour in response to orca calls. The use of the presented acoustic stimuli alone is not an effective deterrent for C. carcharias . The behavioural response of reef sharks to sound raises concern about the effects of anthropogenic noise on these taxa.

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Potential implications of acoustic stimuli as a non‐physical barrier to silver carp and bighead carp

Cited by 36 publications

References 39 publications

Silver, bighead, and common carp orient to acoustic particle motion when avoiding a complex sound

Silver, bighead, and common carp orient to acoustic particle motion when avoiding a complex sound

Using Markov chains to quantitatively assess movement patterns of invasive fishes impacted by a carbon dioxide barrier in outdoor ponds

The effect of underwater sounds on shark behaviour

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