Potential impacts of selected natural hazards and technical failures on the natural gas transmission network in Europe

A composite policy tool to measure territorial resilience capacity

“…The ENSAD dataset used in this research is a set of 182 accidents 37 attributable to the natural gas sector that caused at least 5 fatalities, on a temporal scale from 1970 to 2006. The reason for this choice is that the natural gas chain is currently a major focus area within the ENSAD team (Lustenberger et al 2017) and consequently this research project is a complement to the analysis of such dataset to derive a comprehensive perspective on natural gas accidents.…”

A review on resilience assessment of energy systems

“…Overall, among the 87 quantitative studies, 48 are probabilistic. Many deterministic and probabilistic methods have been applied to quantify the resilience curve, including complex networks theory (Afgan & Cvetinovic, 2013;Akhavein & Fotuhi Firuzabad, 2011;Anghel et al, 2007;Bagchi et al, 2013;Bilal et al, 2016;Bompard et al, 2010;Carvalho et al, 2014;Cavalieri et al, 2014;Cimellaro et al, 2012;Cong et al, 2018;Ellison et al, 2013;Esposito et al, 2013;Fang & Sansavini, 2018;Hernandez-Fajardo & Dueñas-Osorio, 2013;Hines et al, 2010;Holmgren, 2007;Kim et al, 2017;Kyriakidis et al, 2018a;Layton, 2004;Li et al, 2017;Lustenberger et al, 2017;Martinez-Anido et al, 2012;Montoya, 2010;Moslehi & Reddy, 2018;Nadeau, 2007;Nan et al, 2013;Nezamoddini et al, 2017;Ouyang & Dueñas-Osorio, 2014;Ouyang et al, 2012Ouyang et al, , 2009Panteli et al, 2017;Poljansek et al, 2010;Rocchetta et al, 2018;Schiel et al, 2017;Shinozuka et al, 2004;Su et al, 2017Su et al, , 2018Veeramany et al, 2017;…”

“…In the case of electric power systems, suitable performance measures include the number of people without power (Sun et al, 2015), the loss of load (Ouyang & Dueñas-Osorio, 2014;Ouyang et al, 2012), the generation capacity available (Sun et al, 2015), and reliability indices such as the System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) (Layton, 2004). In the oil and gas sector, the deterministic or probabilistic flow through the distribution network is a well-established indicator (Carvalho et al, 2014;Lustenberger et al, 2017;Nadeau, 2007). More than half of the studies use complex networks theory to model the studied infrastructure in order to quantify the 'resist' function of resilience (Akhavein & Fotuhi Firuzabad, 2011;Bilal et al, 2016;Bompard et al, 2010;Carvalho et al, 2014;Cimellaro et al, 2012;Cong et al, 2018;Holmgren, 2007;Kim et al, 2017;Kyriakidis et al, 2018a;Layton, 2004;Li et al, 2017Li et al, , 2016Lustenberger et al, 2017;Martinez-Anido et al, 2012;Nadeau, 2007;Nezamoddini et al, 2017;Ouyang & Dueñas-Osorio, 2014;Ouyang et al, 2012;Rocchetta et al, 2018;Shinozuka et al, 2004;Su et al, 2017Su et al, , 2018Veeramany et al, 2017).…”

“…In the oil and gas sector, the deterministic or probabilistic flow through the distribution network is a well-established indicator (Carvalho et al, 2014;Lustenberger et al, 2017;Nadeau, 2007). More than half of the studies use complex networks theory to model the studied infrastructure in order to quantify the 'resist' function of resilience (Akhavein & Fotuhi Firuzabad, 2011;Bilal et al, 2016;Bompard et al, 2010;Carvalho et al, 2014;Cimellaro et al, 2012;Cong et al, 2018;Holmgren, 2007;Kim et al, 2017;Kyriakidis et al, 2018a;Layton, 2004;Li et al, 2017Li et al, , 2016Lustenberger et al, 2017;Martinez-Anido et al, 2012;Nadeau, 2007;Nezamoddini et al, 2017;Ouyang & Dueñas-Osorio, 2014;Ouyang et al, 2012;Rocchetta et al, 2018;Shinozuka et al, 2004;Su et al, 2017Su et al, , 2018Veeramany et al, 2017). Generally, energy system networks are considered 'complex' because of their nontrivial topological features, and because their elements (i.e., nodes and links) are neither purely random nor regular.…”

“…In contrast, fuel reserves are a preferred option to cope with short-term supply shortages, and thus many countries have minimal local storage requirements (Fisher et al, 2010;Gnansounou, 2008;Molyneaux et al, 2012;Mu et al, 2011). While diversity and fuel reserves can usually be addressed by deterministic approaches, cascading effects are typically analysed using probabilistic approaches in combination with complex networks theory for infrastructure modelling (Anghel et al, 2007;Bagchi et al, 2013;Cavalieri et al, 2014;Cimellaro et al, 2012;Esposito et al, 2013;Hernandez-Fajardo & Dueñas-Osorio, 2013;Hines et al, 2010;Holmgren, 2007;Li et al, 2017Li et al, , 2016Lustenberger et al, 2017;Nezamoddini et al, 2017;Ouyang & Dueñas-Osorio, 2014;Ouyang et al, 2012Ouyang et al, , 2009Panteli et al, 2017;Poljansek et al, 2010;Schiel et al, 2017;Su et al, 2017;Veeramany et al, 2017). This combination allows estimating probabilistically if an initial failure will propagate through the entire network, and result in a collapsing behaviour, which is one of the possible shapes of the resilience curve (see Figure 1).…”