Potential impact of viticulture expansion on habitat types in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa

Fairbanks, Dean H. K.; Hughes, Catherine; Turpie, Jane

doi:10.1023/b:bioc.0000018146.96110.6d

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For example, our trend analysis of agricultural area between 1990 and 2000 (for three regions where analysis was possible) suggests agricultural expansion may be of low concern, although research into particular agricultural commodities driven by global trade and its impact on threatened species is warranted. Vineyard expansion, for example, is occurring at unprecedented rates in California-Baja California (Merenlender, 2000), South Africa (Fairbanks et al, 2004) and Spain (Cots-Folch et al, 2006). Similarly, demand for other commodities such as avocados in Chile (Evans & Nalampang, 2006) and olives in Greece (Allen et al, 2006) is driving the conversion of natural habitat in other mediterranean regions.…”

Section: Conserving Biodiversity In the Mediterranean Biome In The Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Threats and biodiversity in the mediterranean biome

Underwood

Viers

Klausmeyer

et al. 2009

Diversity and Distributions

322

215

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Aim Global conservation assessments recognize the mediterranean biome as a priority for the conservation of the world's biodiversity. To better direct future conservation efforts in the biome, an improved understanding of the location, magnitude and trend of key threats and their relationship with species of conservation importance is needed.Location Mediterranean‐climate regions in California‐Baja California, Chile, South Africa, Australia and the Mediterranean Basin.Methods We undertook a systematic, pan‐regional assessment of threats in the mediterranean biome including human population density, urban area and agriculture. To realize the full implications of these threats on mediterranean biodiversity, we examined their relationship with species of conservation concern: threatened mammals at the global scale and threatened plants at the subecoregional scale in California, USA.Results Across the biome, population density and urban area increased by 13% and agriculture by 1% between 1990 and 2000. Both population density and urban area were greatest in California‐Baja California and least in Australia while, in contrast, agriculture was greatest in Australia and least in California‐Baja California. In all regions lowlands were most affected by the threats analysed, with the exception of population density in the Chilean matorral. Threatened species richness had a significant positive correlation with population density at global and subecoregional scales, while threatened species were found to increase with the amount of urban area and decrease as the amount of natural area and unfragmented core area increased.Main conclusions Threats to mediterranean biodiversity have increased from 1990 to 2000, although patterns vary both across and within the five regions. The need for future conservation efforts is further underlined by the positive correlation between species of conservation concern and the increase in population density over the last decade. Challenges to reducing threats extend beyond those analysed to include human–environmental interactions and their synergistic effects, such as urbanization and invasive species and wildfires.

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Section: Conserving Biodiversity In the Mediterranean Biome In The Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Threats and biodiversity in the mediterranean biome

Underwood

Viers

Klausmeyer

et al. 2009

Diversity and Distributions

322

215

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“…Mature, producing vineyards have low habitat value for native vertebrates and invertebrates, and are visited more often by nonnative species (18,19). Thus, where vineyards are established, how they are managed, and the extent to which they replace native habitats have large implications for conservation (20,21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change, wine, and conservation

Lee

Roehrdanz

Ikegami

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

627

462

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Climate change is expected to impact ecosystems directly, such as through shifting climatic controls on species ranges, and indirectly, for example through changes in human land use that may result in habitat loss. Shifting patterns of agricultural production in response to climate change have received little attention as a potential impact pathway for ecosystems. Wine grape production provides a good test case for measuring indirect impacts mediated by changes in agriculture, because viticulture is sensitive to climate and is concentrated in Mediterranean climate regions that are global biodiversity hotspots. Here we demonstrate that, on a global scale, the impacts of climate change on viticultural suitability are substantial, leading to possible conservation conflicts in land use and freshwater ecosystems. Area suitable for viticulture decreases 25% to 73% in major wine producing regions by 2050 in the higher RCP 8.5 concentration pathway and 19% to 62% in the lower RCP 4.5. Climate change may cause establishment of vineyards at higher elevations that will increase impacts on upland ecosystems and may lead to conversion of natural vegetation as production shifts to higher latitudes in areas such as western North America. Attempts to maintain wine grape productivity and quality in the face of warming may be associated with increased water use for irrigation and to cool grapes through misting or sprinkling, creating potential for freshwater conservation impacts. Agricultural adaptation and conservation efforts are needed that anticipate these multiple possible indirect effects.

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“…In addition to using this approach with vineyard development models (e.g., Heaton and Merenlender 2000;Fairbanks et al 2004), other types of human development scenarios, such as urban and exurban expansion, could be examined (e.g., Hansen et al 2002). These models also could help direct conservation efforts toward specific regions of likely future human and wildlife conflict.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oak forest and woodland is the dominant cover type on the hillsides surrounding the valley bottoms. In recent years, especially during the second half of the 1990s, an increase in global demand for premium wines (e.g., Fairbanks et al 2004) has fueled rapid expansion of vineyards in coastal California. For example, over 20,000 acres were planted between 1995 and 2002 in Sonoma County alone (Agricultural Commission 2002).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, over 20,000 acres were planted between 1995 and 2002 in Sonoma County alone (Agricultural Commission 2002). This expansion has often been associated with conversion and fragmentation of natural habitat, including hillside woodlands (Merenlender 2000;Fairbanks et al 2004). Though development has slowed dramatically during the last few years (Agricultural Commission 2002), new vineyards continue to be planted.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forecasting the effect of land-use change on native and non-native mammalian predator distributions

et al. 2006

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Intensive land use can fragment continuous natural areas into smaller patches, which may be too small to support viable populations of native fauna and more susceptible to invasion by alien species. We demonstrate the utility of combining species occurrence models with land-use change models to identify areas where future development may differentially affect wildlife. Occurrence data for native (e.g., gray fox, coyote, bobcat, mountain lion, striped skunk, raccoon) and non-native (e.g., domestic dogs, domestic cats, opossums) mammalian predators were collected from 188 remotely triggered camera locations across an oak woodland and vineyard landscape in northern California. The occurrence data were used in combination with landscape variables extracted using a geographic information system to build explanatory models of predator occurrence. These statistical models were used to derive two surfaces showing relative probability of occurrence for non-native and native predators. Then, a spatially explicit land-use change model was used to examine potential future predator distributions given potential future vineyard expansion.The probability distribution models generated hypothesized low probabilities of occurrence for native predators within large vineyard blocks, but higher probabilities within isolated vineyards and also in oak woodlands. The models suggest the highest probabilities of non-native predator occurrence fell within large blocks of vineyard. Using one possible future vineyard development scenario, the distribution models illustrate areas where probability of native predator occurrence may be reduced and where non-native predators may expand due to vineyard development. This technique could be applied to prioritize acquisition of critical wildlife habitat and maintain habitat connectivity for wildlife populations.

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Potential impact of viticulture expansion on habitat types in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa

Cited by 41 publications

References 34 publications

Threats and biodiversity in the mediterranean biome

Threats and biodiversity in the mediterranean biome

Climate change, wine, and conservation

Forecasting the effect of land-use change on native and non-native mammalian predator distributions

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