Potential Impact of Metabolic and Gut Microbial Response to Pregnancy and Lactation in Lean and Diet‐Induced Obese Rats on Offspring Obesity Risk

Paul, Heather A.; Collins, Kelsey H.; Bomhof, Marc R.; Vogel, Hans J.; Reimer, Raylene A.

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700820

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…We have previously conducted studies assessing the effects of obesity and maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation on offspring metabolic outcomes (Nettleton JE, Cho NA, Klancic T, et al, unpublished data, 2018). In these studies, we collected detailed data on reproductive parameters and pregnancy outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Food Ingredients (Aspartame, Stevia, Prebiotic Oligofructose) on Fertility and Reproductive Outcomes in Obese Rats

Cho

Klančič

Nettleton

et al. 2018

Obesity

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Objective This study aimed to investigate the interaction between obesity, low‐calorie sweeteners, and prebiotic oligofructose on reproductive parameters in rats. Methods Data were derived from two separate studies of female Sprague‐Dawley rats with (1) Lean (n = 24), (2) Obese (n = 27), (3) Obese+Aspartame (n = 14), (4) Obese+Stevia (n = 15), and (5) Obese+Prebiotic (n = 15) groups. Obesity was induced with a high‐fat/high‐sucrose diet prior to pregnancy. In one study, human‐approved doses of aspartame (5‐7 mg/kg/d) and stevia (2‐3 mg/kg/d) in drinking water were examined, and in the second, 10% prebiotics (oligofructose) in the diet was examined. Reproductive parameters, including fertility, pregnancy, and delivery indexes, were analyzed. Results Obesity significantly reduced pregnancy index in Obese dams (60.7% successful pregnancies) compared with lean (100%). Obesity also reduced the number of pups born alive and pup survival percentage compared with those of Lean dams (P < 0.001). Only 53.3% of rats were able to conceive in the Obese+Stevia group, but if rats did become pregnant, they had 100% pregnancy and delivery index. While prebiotic administration rescued the pregnancy index, it could not remediate pup survival percentage (P = 0.025) in Obese dams. Conclusions Both obesity status and dietary ingredients affect the ability to conceive. Future rigorously controlled studies designed to examine reproductive outcomes in depth are needed to confirm these findings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Food Ingredients (Aspartame, Stevia, Prebiotic Oligofructose) on Fertility and Reproductive Outcomes in Obese Rats

Cho

Klančič

Nettleton

et al. 2018

Obesity

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“…Therefore, the antiobesity effects of this BV‐based supplement might result from its amino acid and Mg contents. Multiple studies have also reported that HFD‐induced obesity simultaneously results in hyperlipidemia and liver damage . It has been proposed that supplementing leucine or arginine can reduce serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fat, calorie, and fat kcal% intensive diets are considered as major factors for obesity development. 2,[18][19][20] It has been reported that high protein intake or daily supplementation with any one of cystine, histidine, leucine, lysine, threonine, and tryptophan can have an antiobesity effect and decrease visceral fat deposition by increasing fat lipolysis and the basal metabolic rate. 21,22 According to amino acid composition analyses, one BV-based capsule contains 028 g lysine, 0.69 g leucine, 0.02 g tryptophan, 0.22 g histidine, and 0.25 g cystine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple studies have also reported that HFD-induced obesity simultaneously results in hyperlipidemia and liver damage. 18,19,23 It has been proposed that supplementing leucine 24 or arginine 25 can reduce serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels respectively. Moreover, L-carnitine, synthesized from lysine and methionine, demonstrates an ameliorative effect of dyslipidemic and hepatic disorders of mice fed with an HFD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation effects of black‐vinegar‐based supplement against a high‐fat dietary habit: antiobesity/hypolipidemic, antioxidative, and energy‐metabolism effects

Liu

Chou

et al. 2020

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND An imbalanced fat or excess energy intake always results in obesity and increased serum/liver lipids, thus leading to metabolic syndromes. Given the bioactive components in black vinegar (BV), such as branched amino acids, phenolic profile, and mineral contents, we investigated the antiobesity effects of BV‐based supplements in rats fed a high‐fat diet (HFD). RESULTS HFD (30% fat, w/w) feeding increased (P < 0.05) body weight, weight gains, weights of livers and mesenteric, epididymal, and perirenal adipose tissues, and serum/liver triglyceride levels relative to those of rats fed a normal diet (4% fat, w/w; CON). These increased values were ameliorated (P < 0.05) by supplementing with BV‐based supplements but were still higher (P < 0.05) than those of CON rats. The increased areas of perirenal adipocytes in rats fed with an HFD were also decreased (P < 0.05) by supplementing with BV‐based supplements, which might result from an upregulation (P < 0.05) of 5′‐adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 (CPT1), and uncoupling protein‐2 (UCP2) in the perirenal adipose tissues. A similar effect was observed for AMPK, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha, retinoid X receptor alpha, CPT1, and UCP2 gene and protein levels in livers (P < 0.05). Generally, BV‐based supplements increased the fecal triglyceride, cholesterol, and bile acid levels of rats fed with an HFD, which partially contribute to the lipid‐lowering effects. Furthermore, BV‐based supplements increased (P < 0.05) hepatic Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and lowered (P < 0.05) serum/liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values in HFD‐fed rats. CONCLUSION In a chronic high‐fat dietary habit, the food‐grade BV‐based supplement is a good daily choice to ameliorate obesity and its associated comorbidities. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…In a recent mouse study, maternal HFD detrimentally altered gut microbiome profiles in the offspring, which contributed to development of obesity, steatohepatitis and its progressive diseases in the offspring (Paul et al, 2016, 2018; Wankhade et al, 2017). Intriguingly, studies in non-human primates have shown that maternal HFD led to persistently reduced abundance of Campylobacter species in the offspring gut compared to the control diet group even though the primates were weaned and switched to control diet for 6 months ( Table 2 ; Ma et al, 2014).…”

Section: Maternal Diet Epigenetics and Gut Microbiome In Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Mechanisms Link Maternal Diets and Gut Microbiome to Obesity in the Offspring

2018

Front. Genet.

110

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Nutrition is the most important environmental factor that can influence early developmental processes through regulation of epigenetic mechanisms during pregnancy and neonatal periods. Maternal diets or nutritional compositions contribute to the establishment of the epigenetic profiles in the fetus that have a profound impact on individual susceptibility to certain diseases or disorders in the offspring later in life. Obesity is considered a global epidemic that impairs human life quality and also increases risk of development of many human diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that maternal nutrition status is closely associated with obesity in progenies indicating obesity has a developmental origin. Maternal diets may also impact the early establishment of the fetal and neonatal microbiome leading to specific epigenetic signatures that may potentially predispose to the development of late-life obesity. This article will review the association of different maternal dietary statuses including essential nutritional quantity and specific dietary components with gut microbiome in determining epigenetic impacts on offspring susceptibility to obesity.

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Potential Impact of Metabolic and Gut Microbial Response to Pregnancy and Lactation in Lean and Diet‐Induced Obese Rats on Offspring Obesity Risk

Abstract: Diet-induced maternal obesity and consumption of an obesogenic maternal diet results in differential metabolic and gut microbial adaptations to pregnancy and lactation; these maladaptations may be directly involved in maternal programming of offspring susceptibility to obesity.

Cited by 25 publications

References 52 publications

Impact of Food Ingredients (Aspartame, Stevia, Prebiotic Oligofructose) on Fertility and Reproductive Outcomes in Obese Rats

Impact of Food Ingredients (Aspartame, Stevia, Prebiotic Oligofructose) on Fertility and Reproductive Outcomes in Obese Rats

Modulation effects of black‐vinegar‐based supplement against a high‐fat dietary habit: antiobesity/hypolipidemic, antioxidative, and energy‐metabolism effects

Epigenetic Mechanisms Link Maternal Diets and Gut Microbiome to Obesity in the Offspring

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