Potential impact of botanically diverse pasture on the nutritional, physiological, and immunological status of grazing cows

Nakajima, Noriko; Doi, Kazuya; Tamiya, Sae; Yayota, Masato

doi:10.1111/grs.12351

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…External elements like climate, soil, slope, and vegetation, as well as internal factors like species and individual conditions, influence how animals graze [53], because of its various consequences, the climate had the largest impact on the behaviors of the two grazing species [54]. There is evidence that improving the mineral intake balance and lowering oxidative stress in cattle are two benefits of grazing in a variety of vegetation [55]. Correct nutritional management is a crucial component in preventing flocks of sheep from going hungry.…”

Section: Animal Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints Affecting the Welfare of Domestic Sheep Grazing in the Natural Pasture

Elkhateeb,

Ebraheem,

Abdulateef

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The sheep like other animals need more and more welfare to produce meat of good quality, Sheep welfare problems primarily arise from mutilations, lameness, transportation, and disease. With proper grazing, breeding, and husbandry practices, most health issues in sheep can be resolved or avoided. Grazing involves seeking and choosing feed as well as grabbing and consuming it. The manner in which ruminants or grazing animals grip and consume forages varies. These variations are connected to the sorts of fodder that various ruminants prefer. Heat stress, cold stress, weariness, prolonged thirst, prolonged hunger, hampered movement, movement restrictions, resting issues, social stress, pain, fear, and distress are the welfare types that sheep may encounter during caged, all issues due to shortage of welfare, this results in sheep inside the body that acts as a substance that cannot be used in the metabolic processes and is difficult to get rid of the animal is able to get rid of these substances accumulated inside the body that are difficult to get rid of the presence of natural toxins can be produced through the accumulation of some chemical substances and elements that the animal gets from the food. They come as residues from deteriorated cells or some vital processes in the body.

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Section: Animal Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints Affecting the Welfare of Domestic Sheep Grazing in the Natural Pasture

Elkhateeb,

Ebraheem,

Abdulateef

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…This variation might be due to crowdedness and the poor hygienic conditions of intensively managed farms [ 32 ]. The expression of natural behaviors, such as eating and resting, is suppressed [ 39 ], and various production diseases, such as lameness, mastitis, and hock lesions, occur in stall housing systems [ 40 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cattle Reproductive Disorders Documented from Gaushalas of Nepal

Pun,

Bhatt,

Shah

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine International

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Cow is the national animal of Nepal, yet it is one of the most abused animal species here. Under realized utilities of cow that is nonlactating or pregnant is the reason for demonic cruelty. Since the Vedic period, gaushalas have been caring for cows. At present, most gaushalas have responsibility to rescue, offer refuge, and treat poorly treated or confiscated cattle from smuggling rackets in Nepal. It is no surprise that these abused animals suffer from many health issues and compromised reproductive ability. This study was conducted to know about husbandry practice and to determine prevalence of reproductive disorders in cows of Gaushala from Nepal. Altogether, 27 gaushalas were visited throughout the study period and cows (≥2 years) (n = 2959) were included for the study. From the study, respondents from 14.81% Gaushala admitted indigenous cattle only, 11.11% admitted any breed (indigenous and crossbreed), 44.44% admitted stray animals only, and 29.63% admitted all types (indigenous, crossbreed, and stray animals). The study revealed that among (n = 2959) animals examined, 5.54% (n = 164) were affected by either one or more reproductive problems. The major reproductive disorders identified in study area were repeat breeding 0.47%, cervico-vaginal and uterine prolapse 0.34%, retention of placenta 2.13%, dystocia 0.61%, and abortion 1.66%. Herd size of Gaushala had a significant difference (P<0.05) on the overall prevalence of reproductive problems in cows of Gaushala. The main issues with gaushalas included a lack of resources like adequate fund, feeds, fodder, and water, shortage of grazing acreage, veterinary services, and difficulties in managing male cattle. To mitigate the issues and welfare related to gaushalas strict adherence to disease surveillance and biosecurity rules, avoidance of unlimited reproduction in cows, and separation of males and females, fund raising and resource management, collaboration with local government and NGOs, veterinary hospital, clinics, research, and innovation with veterinary institution and universities.

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“…Phytochemicals reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, and enhance immunocompetence (Provenza, 2018). Compared with pastures that lack plant diversity, animal welfare and wellbeingincluding nutritional, physiological, and immunological status-all improve when livestock forage on diverse mixtures of plants (Villalba et al, 2017;Villalba et al, 2019;Beck and Gregorini, 2020;Redoy et al, 2020;Garrett et al, 2021;Nakajima et al, 2021;Garrett et al, 2022). This helps explain why they require fewer antiparasitic drugs or antibiotics; they also have low levels of morbidity and mortality compared with animals forced to forage on pastures with few plant species devoid of phytochemical richness (Glasser et al, 2009;Provenza et al, 2019).…”

Section: Medicinal Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional adaptive resources for large herbivores in African savannas: an ecological-gradient based framework

Fynn

Provenza

2023

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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The viability of large herbivore populations in the face of climate change, environmental variability, disease and predation will be determined by their freedom to assess and respond to these factors through access to a range of functional seasonal resources and habitats. Their responses will be contingent upon various organismal traits, such as body size, mouth and digestive anatomy, which also facilitate coexistence among sympatric species. In this paper we develop a functional adaptive forage resource framework based on plant biomass, quality and phenology responses on ecological productivity gradients. We show how large herbivores coexist and respond to environmental variability, disease and predation by their foraging responses in relation to functional adaptive resources, as mediated by their anatomical traits. Below a critical body size, where predation limits population size, large herbivores adopt a variety of predation avoidance strategies, which are linked to their anatomical traits and foraging strategies. Mouth anatomy, and its interaction with body size, appears to be the major anatomical trait determining large herbivore selection for grass height. Body size is the major trait determining vulnerability to predators. Ecological productivity gradients underlain by variation in soil moisture availability over the annual cycle support high quality forage in the least productive (driest) regions, which promote growth and reproduction (a fecundity resource). Reserves of adequate quality forage in moderate productivity regions and buffers of low-quality forage in wetter and more productive regions of the gradient prevent loss of body stores over the dry season and starvation during droughts. Fire and grazing contribute towards providing high quality forage by removing old, low-quality material and preventing forage maturation. Consuming a high diversity of plant species distributed across ecological gradients promotes phytochemical diversity in the diet, which functions as medicinal resources to promote health while combating disease and parasites. Large herbivores are becoming increasingly restricted by ecosystem fragmentation in their access to the full range of these functional resource classes. The negative consequences for large herbivore populations of reduced access to these resource classes is compounded by climate change, where conditions are hotter and drought frequency and intensity is expected to be higher.

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Potential impact of botanically diverse pasture on the nutritional, physiological, and immunological status of grazing cows

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Constraints Affecting the Welfare of Domestic Sheep Grazing in the Natural Pasture

Constraints Affecting the Welfare of Domestic Sheep Grazing in the Natural Pasture

Cattle Reproductive Disorders Documented from Gaushalas of Nepal

Functional adaptive resources for large herbivores in African savannas: an ecological-gradient based framework

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