“…In addition, clinical and experimental studies in the literature reported a series of biochemical and physiological effects of Chlorella, such as decreasing serum cholesterol fractions, triglycerides and glucose levels in addition to reducing body weight [37][38][39][40][41]. In a recent study [22], we demonstrated that prevention by the alga of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance in obese mice is due to improvement in insulin signaling pathway by increasing phosphorylation levels of IR, IRS-1 and Akt and reducing phosphorylation levels of IRS-1 ser307 .…”
“…In addition, clinical and experimental studies in the literature reported a series of biochemical and physiological effects of Chlorella, such as decreasing serum cholesterol fractions, triglycerides and glucose levels in addition to reducing body weight [37][38][39][40][41]. In a recent study [22], we demonstrated that prevention by the alga of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance in obese mice is due to improvement in insulin signaling pathway by increasing phosphorylation levels of IR, IRS-1 and Akt and reducing phosphorylation levels of IRS-1 ser307 .…”
“…The same results were found that the hypoglycemic effect of protein hydrolysates from muscle fish Zebra blenny in alloxan-induced diabetic rats [35] and from the vegetable Momordica charantia L. in alloxan-induced diabetic mice [33]. Yuh et al found significantly enhanced hypoglycemic effects of chlorella consumption on streptozocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice [72]. By the similar assays, Jeong et al observed significant improvement of insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic and normal Wistar rats., but the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion had not been influenced by chlorella consumption [73] Aglycin, a peptide from soy, exhibited effectively in preventing hyperglycemia in a diabetic animal model with impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, which were induced in BALB/c mice (i.e., the laboratory bred strain of albino mice specially used for the study of cancer, neurological diseases) with a high-fat diet and received a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ [74].…”
Section: Regulation Of Bioactive Peptides On the Insulin-regulatedmentioning
An increasing prevalence of diabetes is known as a main risk for human health in the last future worldwide. There is limited evidence on the potential management of type 2 diabetes mellitus using bioactive peptides from marine organisms, besides from milk and beans. We summarized here recent advances in our understanding of the regulation of glucose metabolism using bioactive peptides from natural proteins, including regulation of insulin-regulated glucose metabolism, such as protection and reparation of pancreatic β-cells, enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and influencing the sensitivity of insulin and the signaling pathways, and inhibition of bioactive peptides to dipeptidyl peptidase IV, α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. The present paper tried to understand the underlying mechanism involved and the structure characteristics of bioactive peptides responsible for its antidiabetic activities to prospect the utilization of rich marine organism proteins.
Salvia splendens (Labiatae) is widely used in Indian traditional medicine for the control of diabetes mellitus. In this study, the hypoglycemic effects produced by the acute and subacute administration of various extracts of S. splendens were investigated. Both the aqueous extract (SSAE) and the methanolic extract (SSME) from the aerial parts resulted in significant reductions of glycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats after oral administration at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. On oral administration, aqueous and methanolic extracts showed statistically significant (P < 0.001) effect by reducing the effect of glycemia in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These findings suggest the significant antihyperglycemic potential of the S. splendens extracts in ameliorating the diabetic conditions in diabetic rats. No significant effects were found in the normal rats.
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