Potential heterogeneous nano-catalyst via integrating hydrothermal carbonization for biodiesel production using waste cooking oil

Abdullah, Rose Fadzilah; Rashid, Umer; Hazmi, Balkis; Ibrahim, Mohd Lokman; Tsubota, Toshiki; Alharthi, Fahad A.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131913

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…CSHAC was obtained using the HTC method, then acidified with 20% H 3 PO 4 and carbonized ( 17 ). The HTC method was performed in an autoclave reactor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of highly efficient p-doped porous camellia shell-based activated carbon and its adsorption of carotenoids in camellia oil

et al. 2022

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The vegetable oil industry is limited by the high cost of the refining process, and the camellia shells (CS) are beneficial to the development of the industry as a biomass raw material for camellia oil decolorization. In this study, CS-based p-doped porous activated carbon (CSHAC) obtained after the pyrolysis of H3PO4-laden CS-hydrochar (CSH) was used for the adsorption of carotenoids in camellia oil. The results showed that the adsorption efficiency of CSHAC for carotenoids was 96.5% compared to 67–87% for commercial decolorizers, and exhibited a fast adsorption rate (20 min). The results of adsorption isotherms indicated that the adsorption of carotenoids on CSHAC occurred through a multi-layer process. Furthermore, the analysis of adsorption kinetics showed that the adsorption of carotenoids by CSHAC was a complex process involving physical and chemical reactions, and chemisorption was the dominant kinetic mechanism. This superior performance of CSHAC in adsorbing carotenoids was attributed to its micro-mesoporous structure, hydrophobicity, and numerous active sites.

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“…CSHAC was obtained using the HTC method, then acidified with 20% H 3 PO 4 and carbonized ( 17 ). The HTC method was performed in an autoclave reactor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of highly efficient p-doped porous camellia shell-based activated carbon and its adsorption of carotenoids in camellia oil

et al. 2022

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“…Nano catalysts have combined point of interest and joint advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Nano catalysts permit selective and quick chemical transformation with easiness of recovery and catalyst separation with a tremendously high product yield [54].…”

Section: Nano-catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustainability 2022, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 21 of 39 catalysts. Nano catalysts permit selective and quick chemical transformation with easiness of recovery and catalyst separation with a tremendously high product yield [54].…”

Section: Nano-catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Catalysis for Process Sustainability of Eco-Green Biodiesel Synthesis via Transesterification: A State-Of-The-Art Review

et al. 2022

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Environmental pollution caused by conventional petro-diesel initiates at time of crude oil extraction and continues until its consumption. The resulting emission of poisonous gases during the combustion of petroleum-based fuel has worsened the greenhouse effect and global warming. Moreover, exhaustion of finite fossil fuels due to extensive exploitation has made the search for renewable resources indispensable. In light of this, biodiesel is a best possible substitute for the regular petro-diesel as it is eco-friendly, renewable, and economically viable. For effective biodiesel synthesis, the selection of potential feedstock and choice of efficient catalyst is the most important criteria. The main objective of this bibliographical review is to highlight vital role of different catalytic systems acting on variable feedstock and diverse methods for catalysis of biodiesel synthesis reactions. This paper further explores the effects of optimized reaction parameters, modification in chemical compositions, reaction operating parameters, mechanism and methodologies for catalysts preparation, stability enhancement, recovery, and reusability with the maximum optimum activity of catalysts. In future, the development of well-planned incentive structures is necessary for systematic progression of biodiesel process. Besides this, the selection of accessible and amended approaches for synthesis and utilization of specific potential catalysts will ensure the sustainability of eco-green biodiesel.

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“…Therefore, in order to ensure the production still gives a profit, it is important to determine the optimum conditions of the process for the highest yield of biodiesel. Most of the articles on the production of biodiesel deduced that the concentration of catalyst gives a tremendous effect on the biodiesel yield [15][16][17]. This paper reports the results of the study to investigate the effect of catalyst concentration on biodiesel yield and to determine the optimum process condition using RSM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology

Hadi

Mohamad²,

Mahidin³

2023

ARASET

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The transesterification of biodiesel using heterogeneous catalysts has recently caught interest because of its potential to overcome the limitations of homogeneous catalysts. Amongst the heterogeneous catalysts, CaO is well known for its superiority in the transesterification process due to its effectiveness, low cost, and low solubility in methanol. The paper covers the analysis of the transesterification process variables to identify the optimum condition of the process. The effect of process variables, which are catalyst concentration, methanol to oil molar ratio, and reaction temperature, and the interaction between variables on the yield of biodiesel from the esterification of palm oil using CaO catalyst was studied. Response Surface Methodology based on a three-variable central composite design was executed to optimize the process variables. It was found that the concentration of the catalysts is the primary variable affecting the reaction, the molar ratio of methanol to oil is the secondary and the temperature is the ternary. While the interaction between the two variables is not significant in the production of the biodiesel yield. The optimum yield of biodiesel of 98.56% was obtained at a catalyst concentration of 9.63 wt%, methanol to oil ratio of 15.30:1, and reaction temperature of 64.40 °C.

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Potential heterogeneous nano-catalyst via integrating hydrothermal carbonization for biodiesel production using waste cooking oil

Cited by 43 publications

References 84 publications

Preparation of highly efficient p-doped porous camellia shell-based activated carbon and its adsorption of carotenoids in camellia oil

Preparation of highly efficient p-doped porous camellia shell-based activated carbon and its adsorption of carotenoids in camellia oil

Prospects of Catalysis for Process Sustainability of Eco-Green Biodiesel Synthesis via Transesterification: A State-Of-The-Art Review

Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology

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