Potential health and environmental effects of trace elements and radionuclides from increased coal utilization.

Hook, R.I. Van

doi:10.1289/ehp.7933227

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Van Hook, 1978Hardin et al, 1982Wagner and Greiner, 1982 All of the authors qualify their estimates in one way or another. Van Hook (1978) states that "atmospheric releases of radionuclides from increased coal combustion do not represent a significant public health problem unless coal containing greater than 5 ppm U comes into general use."…”

Section: Uranium Concentration Referencementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Van Hook (1978) states that "atmospheric releases of radionuclides from increased coal combustion do not represent a significant public health problem unless coal containing greater than 5 ppm U comes into general use." It is not clear whether "general use" implies one plant burning such coal over an extended period of time or most plants burning such coal over an extended period.…”

Section: Uranium Concentration Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Radionuclides in US coals

Bisselle¹,

Brown²

1984

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Section: Uranium Concentration Referencementioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Uranium Concentration Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Radionuclides in US coals

Bisselle¹,

Brown²

1984

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“…Many of these elements are thought to be toxic to animal and plant life (Van Hook, 1978). Gluskoter et al (1977) found that Illinois Basin coals have relatively high content of boron, beryllium, bromine, cadmium, germanium, manganese, nickel, lead, zinc, iron, and sulfur.…”

Section: Statement Of Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced physical coal cleaning to comply with potential air toxic regulations. Quarterly report, 1 March 1995--31 May 1995

Honaker¹,

Paul²,

Mohanty³

et al. 1995

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Studies have indicated that the potentially hazardous trace elements found in coal have a strong affinity for coal pyrite. Thus, by maximizing the rejection of pyrite, one can minimize the trace element content of a given coal while also reducing sulfur emissions. The pyrite in most Illinois Basin coals, however, is finely disseminated within the coal matrix. Therefore, to remove the pyrite using physical coal cleaning techniques, the pyrite must be liberated by grinding the coal to ultrafine particle sizes. Fortunately, the coals being fed to pulverized coal boilers (PCB) are already ground to a very fine size, Le., 70% passing 200 mesh. Therefore, this research project will investigate the use of advanced fine coal cleaning technologies for cleaning PCB feed as a compliance strategy.Work in this quarter has focused on the processing of a run-of-mine coal sample collected from Amax Coal Company's Delta Coal mine using column flotation and an enhanced gravity separator as separate units and in circuitry arrangements. The -60 mesh run-ofmine sample having an ash content of-about 22 % was cleaned to 6 % while achieving a very high energy recovery of about 87% and.a sulfur rejection value of 53 % in a single stage column flotation operation. Enhanced gravity treatment is believed to be providing excellent total sulfur rejection values, although with inferior ash rejection for the -400 mesh size fraction. The circuitry arrangement with the Falcon concentrator as the primary cleaner followed by the Packed-Column resulted in an excellent ash rejection performance, which out performed the release analysis. Trace element analyses of the samples collected from these tests will be conducted during the next report period. DISTRIBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS U N U M m & r / EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990 requires U. S . utilities to comply with an increasing variety of environmental regulations. The restrictions on sulfur dioxide emissions in particular have received the most attention due to their impacts on medium and high sulfur coal markets. Another regulation that the Clean Air Act Amendment will impose in 1995 is the limitation of air toxic emissions. It has been estimated that, due to the combustion of over 600 million tons of coal per year, thousands of tons of potentially hazardous trace elements are released into the atmosphere. Thus, it is important to develop a pre-combustion coal cleaning strategy that will effectively reduce the trace element and sulfur contents of Illinois Basin coal.The results of conventional float-sink tests have indicated that most trace elements are largely inorganically associated with the coal matrix, although a few of them, such as boron, beryllium and germanium, are strongly bound to the organic portion of coal and probably present as metal chelates. This conclusion has provided a basis for the reduction of the levels of many trace elements by physical coal cleaning methods. For example, it was found that many elements of environmental concern, including ar...

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“…Slag is that portion of total ash which melts to a viscous fluid at combustion temperatures, and bottom ash is the remainder that does not melt and is too heavy to be entrained in flue gas. 8 Depending on coal composition and furnace design, ashes can be carried in the flue gas (fly-ash) or deposited underneath the boiler (bottom ash). In coal-fired power plants, the characteristics of fly-ash and bottom ash are similar; they are mixtures of inorganic mineral constituents of the burned fuel and organic material that is not completely combusted.…”

Section: Coal Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposal of fly ash—an environmental problem

Fulekar

Dave

1986

International Journal of Environmental Studies

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This report intends to summarize impacts of fly-ash disposal on soil-water environment with special reference to the behaviour of trace elements. Physico-chemical properties of fly-ash and trace elements release in environment are dependent on the geological origin of coal, form of the element in coal, combustion products, type of coal burning process, nature of emission control devices, methods of disposal and climatic conditions. Physical and biological transport of trace element, their bioaccumulation, transformation as well as interaction with ecosystem are discussed in terms of their importance in availability, mobility, persistence and ultimate toxicity. Needed research in the areas is identified.

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Potential health and environmental effects of trace elements and radionuclides from increased coal utilization.

Cited by 38 publications

References 25 publications

Radionuclides in US coals

Radionuclides in US coals

Advanced physical coal cleaning to comply with potential air toxic regulations. Quarterly report, 1 March 1995--31 May 1995

Disposal of fly ash—an environmental problem

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