Potential for offsetting diamond mine carbon emissions through mineral carbonation of processed kimberlite: an assessment of De Beers mine sites in South Africa and Canada

Mervine, Evelyn M.; Wilson, Siobhan A.; Power, Ian M.; Dipple, Gregory M.; Turvey, Connor C.; Hamilton, Jessica L.; Vanderzee, Sterling; Raudsepp, Mati; Southam, Colette; Matter, Juerg M.; Kelemen, P. B.; Stiefenhofer, Johann; Miya, Z.; Southam, Gordon

doi:10.1007/s00710-018-0589-4

Cited by 52 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…An alternative to ex-situ mineralization is the carbonation of mafic or ultrabasic mine waste tailings, such as the kimberlite mines in South Africa (e.g. Mervine et al, 2017) and the brucite mine tailings at the Mount Keith nickel mine (e.g. Harrison et al, 2012;Wilson et al 2014).…”

Section: Ex-situ Mineralisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide storage through mineral carbonation

Snæbjörnsdóttir

Sigfússon

Marieni

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Earth Environ

422

214

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Section: Ex-situ Mineralisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide storage through mineral carbonation

Snæbjörnsdóttir

Sigfússon

Marieni

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Earth Environ

422

214

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“…Mine tailings represent a small mitigation opportunity that would consume <36 MtCO 2 /yr and require potential transportation and large disposal areas (National Academies of Sciences Engineering Medicine, 2019). Still, mine tailings have a high uptake potential of carbon and mines that carbonate their tailings could offset on-site CO 2 -eq emissions (Harrison et al, 2013;Mervine et al, 2018). Figure 2 summarizes data on the rate of carbon mineralization of mafic and ultramafic mine tailings in contact with air, and in contact with more CO 2 rich gases and fluids.…”

Section: Surficial Carbon Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

et al. 2019

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“…A Ca exchange was performed on two samples that appeared to contain smectites (one contained smectite, the other interstratified illite-smectite). This was done using the method described by Mervine et al (2018) in order to Results of test quantification of µXRF using various extraction grids of a hydrothermally altered rock sample. Quantification was done on individual pixels (1 × 1), and grids of 3 × 3, 5 × 5, and 9 × 9 pixels using the Bruker M4 software.…”

Section: Quantitative X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Mineral Mapping of Drill Core Surfaces I: A Method for µXRF Mineral Calculation and Mapping of Hydrothermally Altered, Fine-Grained Sedimentary Rocks from a Carlin-Type Gold Deposit

Barker

Wilson

et al. 2021

Economic Geology

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Mineral distributions can be determined in drill core samples from a Carlin-type gold deposit, using micro-X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) raster data. Micro-XRF data were collected using a Bruker Tornado µXRF scanner on split drill core samples (~25 × 8 cm) with data collected at a spatial resolution of ~100 µm. Bruker AMICS software was used to identify mineral species from µXRF raster data, which revealed that many individual sample spots were mineral mixtures due to the fine-grained nature of the samples. In order to estimate the mineral abundances in each pixel, we used a linear programming (LP) approach on quantified µXRF data. Quantification of µXRF spectra was completed using a fundamental parameters (FP) standardless approach. Results of the FP method compared to standardized wavelength dispersive spectrometry (WDS)-XRF of the same samples showed that the FP method for quantification of µXRF spectra was precise (R2 values of 0.98–0.97) although the FP method gave a slight overestimate of Fe and K and an underestimate of Mg abundance. Accuracy of the quantified µXRF chemistry results was further improved by using the WDS-XRF data as a calibration correction before calculating mineralogy using LP. The LP mineral abundance predictions were compared to Rietveld refinement results using X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns collected from powders of the same drill core samples. The root mean square error (RMSE) for LP-predicted mineralogy compared to quantitative XRD results ranges from 0.91 to 7.15% for quartz, potassium feldspar, pyrite, kaolinite, calcite, dolomite, and illite. The approaches outlined here demonstrates that µXRF maps can be used to determine mineralogy, mineral abundances, and mineralogical textures not visible with the naked eye from fine-grained sedimentary rocks associated with Carlin-type Au deposits. This approach is transferrable to any ore deposit, but particularly useful in sedimentary-hosted ore deposits where ore and gangue minerals are often fine grained and difficult to distinguish in hand specimen.

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Potential for offsetting diamond mine carbon emissions through mineral carbonation of processed kimberlite: an assessment of De Beers mine sites in South Africa and Canada

Cited by 52 publications

References 40 publications

Carbon dioxide storage through mineral carbonation

Carbon dioxide storage through mineral carbonation

An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

Quantitative Mineral Mapping of Drill Core Surfaces I: A Method for µXRF Mineral Calculation and Mapping of Hydrothermally Altered, Fine-Grained Sedimentary Rocks from a Carlin-Type Gold Deposit

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