Potential Effects of Microplastic on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Leifheit, Eva F.; Lehmann, Anika; Rillig, Matthias C.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.626709

Cited by 59 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Therefore, MP-driven reduction of the AMF population could directly influence crop growth in an adverse manner. Microplastics are known to alter soil parameters that govern habitat space and conditions for AMF and at the same time influence soil functions such as soil aggregation and nutrient transport (Leifheit et al, 2021). Thus, this evidence indicates that the negative influence of MPs on soil microbes and their functions in soils could be one of the major driving forces behind reduced plant and crop growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Potential impacts of two types of microplastics on <em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Weerasinghe

Madawala

2022

Ceylon J. Sci.

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Microplastics (MPs) in agricultural soils are a major concern. Relatively few studies have been carried out to explore its potential impacts on crops and soil microbiota. The study investigates the effects of two different types of MPs (microfiber, MFB and microfilms, and MFL) on the growth of Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). A pot experiment was conducted with MFB and MFL concentrations viz., 0.4, 2.4, 4.4, 6.4, and 8.4% (w/w) and control without MPs (n = 6). Plant height was measured weekly for 13 wk before plants were harvested destructively. Growth increment, relative growth rate (RGR), and root: shoot ratio (RSR) were calculated. Leaf chlorophyll levels were measured. AMF spores were quantified using the wet sieving and decanting method. Plants showed a concentration-dependent decline in growth, regardless of the MP type. RSR demonstrated a decline with increasing MP concentration. Compared to the control, plants declined the allocation of shoot biomass by 40-74% and root by 6-75%. Plants in MFBs reported a higher chlorophyll content than in MFLs (F = 18.33; p ≤ 0.000). MPs significantly reduced AMF spore abundance in soils, indicating adverse effects on the soil microbiota. The study concluded that MPs impose negative effects on both vegetative growth of tomato and AMF spores. Further studies are imperative to explore the link between MPs and, crop growth and AMF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Potential impacts of two types of microplastics on <em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Weerasinghe

Madawala

2022

Ceylon J. Sci.

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“…52) The green fern spore size and germination ratio were decreased by PS nanoplastics with a size of 100 nm. 53) Broad bean roots showed lower growth and genotoxic impairment after exposure to PS nanoplastics with a size of 100 nm. 54) When exposed to LDPE MPs with a size between 30~40 µm, duckweed plants showed mechanical blocking of roots and lower the root growth.…”

Section: Effect Of Size Of Mps On Plantmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Microplastics on the Germination and Growth of Terrestrial Plants

Hasan¹,

Jho²

2022

J Korean Soc Environ Eng

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Objectives : The human beings of our globe are heavily reliant on the use of plastic products on a daily basis. Microplastics (MPs) are tiny particles that are formed as a result of plastic degradation. MPs can be found in terrestrial environment, but previous studies focused on the effects of MPs on marine environment and there are less studies on the effects of MPs on terrestrial environment. In particular, there is still a relatively limited number of studies on the effects of MPs on terrestrial plants. Therefore, this review paper aims to examine previous studies on the effect of MPs on the germination and growth of terrestrial plants.Methods : This review summarized the previous findings on the effect of MPs on the germination and growth of terrestrial plants in order to identify the research gaps and trends on the effects of MPs on terrestrial plants.Results and Discussion : Previous studies on the effect of MPs on the germination and growth of terrestrial plants were reviewed and the observations were summarized to find the gaps in this field of research. Previous studies showed that MPs can change soil properties and these changes can be different depending on the shape and size of MPs. MPs can also release chemicals such as phthalates and heavy metals that might have toxic effects on terrestrial plants. Different forms, types, and sizes of MPs were used in previous studies to study the effects on seed germination and growth of different plants. Most studies reported that MPs have negative effects on seed germination and plant growth (e.g., biomass, chlorophyll contents). Smaller MPs tend to have more significant effects than larger MPs. The changes in the soil properties due to MPs can change microbial community structures and this, in turn, may affect the soil-plant interaction.Conclusion : This study summarizes what have been reported in the previous studies on the effect of MPs on seed germination and growth of terrestrial plants. MPs are likely to affect seed germination and plant growth negatively, and this will eventually lead to reduction in food production and food quality. Owing to the various types, forms, and sizes of MPs that could be present in the terrestrial environment as well as the chemicals that could be released from MPs, there is much to explore to better understand the effect of MPs on terrestrial plants and the underlying mechanisms of such effects.

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“…Negative effects of microplastic have been detected on nematode reproduction ( Kim et al, 2020 ), earthworm performance ( Huerta Lwanga et al, 2016 ), as well as on soil microorganisms. In fact, microplastics may cause a decline in soil bacterial diversity and richness ( Huang et al, 2019 ; Fei et al, 2020 ), and also potentially cause negative effects on soil fungal communities ( Kettner et al, 2017 ; Leifheit et al, 2021 ; Zhu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legacy effect of microplastics on plant–soil feedbacks

Lozano

Rillig

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Microplastics affect plants and soil biota and the processes they drive. However, the legacy effect of microplastics on plant–soil feedbacks is still unknown. To address this, we used soil conditioned from a previous experiment, where Daucus carota grew with 12 different microplastic types (conditioning phase). Here, we extracted soil inoculum from those 12 soils and grew during 4 weeks a native D. carota and a range-expanding plant species Calamagrostis epigejos in soils amended with this inoculum (feedback phase). At harvest, plant biomass and root morphological traits were measured. Films led to positive feedback on shoot mass (higher mass with inoculum from soil conditioned with microplastics than with inoculum from control soil). Films may decrease soil water content in the conditioning phase, potentially reducing the abundance of harmful soil biota, which, with films also promoting mutualist abundance, microbial activity and carbon mineralization, would positively affect plant growth in the feedback phase. Foams and fragments caused positive feedback on shoot mass likely via positive effects on soil aeration in the conditioning phase, which could have increased mutualistic biota and soil enzymatic activity, promoting plant growth. By contrast, fibers caused negative feedback on root mass as this microplastic may have increased soil water content in the conditioning phase, promoting the abundance of soil pathogens with negative consequences for root mass. Microplastics had a legacy effect on root traits: D. carota had thicker roots probably for promoting mycorrhizal associations, while C. epigejos had reduced root diameter probably for diminishing pathogenic infection. Microplastic legacy on soil can be positive or negative depending on the plant species identity and may affect plant biomass primarily via root traits. This legacy may contribute to the competitive success of range-expanding species via positive effects on root mass (foams) and on shoot mass (PET films). Overall, microplastics depending on their shape and polymer type, affect plant–soil feedbacks.

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Potential Effects of Microplastic on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Cited by 59 publications

References 89 publications

Potential impacts of two types of microplastics on <em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Potential impacts of two types of microplastics on <em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Effect of Microplastics on the Germination and Growth of Terrestrial Plants

Legacy effect of microplastics on plant–soil feedbacks

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