Potential contribution of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei in Beijing

Yue, Dingli; Hu, Min; Zhang, Renyi; Wu, Zhijun; Su, Hang; Wang, Z. B.; Peng, Jianfei; He, Lingyan; Huang, Xin; Gong, Yongquan; Wiedensohler, Alfred

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.037

Cited by 119 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The mean formation and growth rates of NPF events were 0.40 cm −3 s −1 and 4.91 nm h −1 , respectively, during the whole campaign. The formation and growth rates showed a strong location dependence, for example, higher formation and growth rates have been observed in New Delhi (3.3-13.9 cm −3 s −1 , 11.6-18.1 nm h −1 ) and Atlanta (20-70 cm −3 s −1 ), while comparable values were measured in Beijing (6 cm −3 s −1 , 4 nm h −1 ) for sulfur-rich aerosol types and (2 cm −3 s −1 , 6 nm h −1 ) for sulfur-poor aerosol types and in Shanghai (3.3-5.5 nm h −1 ) Mönkkönen et al, 2005;Yue et al, 2011;Du et al, 2012). The mean CS values were 0.021 s −1 on the NPF event days and 0.040 s −1 on the non-event days, lower than those measured in Beijing (0.027 ± 0.021 and 0.047 ± 0.024 s −1 ) and New Delhi (0.050-0.070 s −1 ), and higher than those ob- Pierce and Adams (2007) are the first ones that present the full theoretical framework on the efficiency of CCN production resulting from nucleation.…”

Section: Formation and Growth Rates And Condensation Sinkmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…It has been widely recognized that N CCN is positively correlated to N CN under various atmospheric conditions (Ramanathan et al, 2001;Laaksonen et al, 2005), and enhancements on N CCN are expected after NPF events (O'Dowd et al, 2001;Kuang et al, 2009;Yue et al, 2011). Theoretically, the high FR rate produces more secondary aerosol particles (i.e., N CN ), which may subsequently impact N CCN if new particles grow into greater sizes (Ghan et al, 2001;Spracklen et al, 2006Spracklen et al, , 2008Zhang, 2010).…”

Section: Npf Impacts On Aerosol Ccn Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This equation has been widely used and described in detail elsewhere (Petters and and Kreidenweis., 2008;Yue et al, 2011). Aerosol particle compositions were classified into three categories, and κ i and ε i for individual composition are listed in Table 2, of which "others" refers to PM 2.5 − (SO , with their individual contributions of 37.4, 27.5 and 18.3 %, respectively.…”

Section: Towards Ccn Closure For Npfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latest model results show that the NPF events contribute much more to the global aerosol number burden than primary emissions (Merikanto et al, 2009;Yu et al, 2008). Under numerous atmospheric conditions aerosol has a positive feedback to CCN number concentration (N CCN ) (Ramanathan et al, 2001;Laaksonen et al, 2005), and N CCN usually exhibits a significant increase after NPF Lihavainen et al, 2003;Kuwata et al, 2008;Yue et al, 2011). Due to various chemical species involved in NPF, the extent of NPF effects on CCN varied temporarily and spatially (Spracklen et al, 2008;Pierce and Adams, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of new particle formation on aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity in Shanghai: case study

et al. 2014

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Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) events and their impacts on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) were investigated using continuous measurements collected in urban Shanghai from 1 to 30 April 2012. During the campaign, NPF occurred in 8 out of the 30 days and enhanced CCN number concentration (N CCN ) by a factor of 1.2-1.8, depending on supersaturation (SS). The NPF event on 3 April 2012 was chosen as an example to investigate the NPF influence on CCN activity. In this NPF event, secondary aerosols were produced continuously and increased PM 2.5 mass concentration at a rate of 4.33 µg cm −3 h −1 , and the growth rate (GR) and formation rate (FR) were on average 5 nm h −1 and 0.36 cm −3 s −1 , respectively. The newly formed particles grew quickly from nucleation mode (10-20 nm) into CCN size range. N CCN increased rapidly at SS of 0.4-1.0 % but weakly at SS of 0.2 %. Correspondingly, aerosol CCN activities (fractions of activated aerosol particles in total aerosols, N CCN /N CN ) were significantly enhanced from 0.24-0.60 to 0.30-0.91 at SS of 0.2-1.0 % due to the NPF. On the basis of the κ-Köhler theory, aerosol size distributions and chemical composition measured simultaneously were used to predict N CCN . There was a good agreement between the predicted and measured N CCN (R 2 = 0.96, N predicted /N measured = 1.04). This study reveals that NPF exerts large impacts on aerosol particle abundance and size spectra; thus, it significantly promotes N CCN and aerosol CCN activity in this urban environment. The GR of NPF is the key factor controlling the newly formed particles to become CCN at all SS levels, whereas the FR is an effective factor only under high SS (e.g., 1.0 %) conditions.

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Section: Formation and Growth Rates And Condensation Sinkmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Npf Impacts On Aerosol Ccn Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Towards Ccn Closure For Npfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of new particle formation on aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity in Shanghai: case study

et al. 2014

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“…Some studies have focused on the concentrations, correlations, sources or formation of some specific species (such as inorganic ions, carbonaceous components, or organic matters) of PM 2.5 in Beijing (Yao et al, 2002;Dan et al, 2004;Huang et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2009;Pathak et al, 2009;Ianniello et al, 2011). In addition, the size distributions of aerosol chemical species Cheng et al, 2009;Guo et al, 2010;Li et al, 2012), aerosol number concentrations or new particle formation processes Yue et al 2009Yue et al , 2011Shen et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2011;Gao et al, 2012), and aerosol optical characteristics or mixing state (Cheng et al, 2009;Deng et al, 2011;Ma et al, 2011Ma et al, , 2012Chen et al, 2012) have also been discussed for Beijing and the surrounding region.…”

Section: P S Zhao Et Al: Concentrations and Chemical Compositions mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of concentrations and chemical compositions for PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China

et al. 2013

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Abstract. In order to study the temporal and spatial variations of PM2.5 and its chemical compositions in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei (BTH), PM2.5 samples were collected at four urban sites in Beijing (BJ), Tianjin (TJ), Shijiazhuang (SJZ), and Chengde (CD), and also one site at Shangdianzi (SDZ) regional background station over four seasons from 2009 to 2010. The samples were weighted for mass concentrations and analyzed in the laboratory for chemical profiles of 19 elements (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn), eight water-soluble inorganic ions (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl−, NO3−, and SO42−, and carbon fractions (OC and EC). The concentrations of PM2.5 and its major chemical species were season dependent and showed spatially similar characteristics in the plain area of BTH. The average annual concentrations of PM2.5 were 71.8–191.2 μg m−3 at the five sites, with more than 90% of sampling days exceeding 50 μg m−3 at BJ, TJ, and SJZ. PM2.5 pollution was most serious at SJZ, and the annual concentrations of PM2.5, secondary inorganic ions, OC, EC, and most crustal elements were all highest. Due to stronger photochemical oxidation, the sum of concentrations of secondary inorganic ions (NH4+, NO3−, and SO42− was highest in the summer at SDZ, BJ, TJ, and CD. Analysis of electric charges of water-soluble inorganic ions indicated the existence of nitric acid or hydrochloric acid in PM2.5. For all five sites, the concentrations of OC, EC and also secondary organic carbon (SOC) in the spring and summer were lower than those in the autumn and winter. SOC had more percentages of increase than primary organic carbon (POC) during the winter. The sums of crustal elements (Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Ti, Ba, and Sr) were higher in the spring and autumn owing to more days with blowing or floating dust. The concentrations of heavy metals were at higher levels in the BTH area by comparison with other studies. In Shijiazhuang and Chengde, the PM2.5 pollution was dominated by coal combustion. Motor vehicle exhausts and coal combustion emissions both played important roles in Tianjin PM2.5 pollution. However, motor vehicle exhausts had played a more important role in Beijing owing to the reduction of coal consumption and sharp increase of cars in recent years. At SDZ, regional transportation of air pollutants from southern urban areas was significant.

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Aerosol and monsoon climate interactions over Asia

Lau

Ramanathan

et al. 2016

Reviews of Geophysics

614

413

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The increasing severity of droughts/floods and worsening air quality from increasing aerosols in Asia monsoon regions are the two gravest threats facing over 60% of the world population living in Asian monsoon regions. These dual threats have fueled a large body of research in the last decade on the roles of aerosols in impacting Asian monsoon weather and climate. This paper provides a comprehensive review of studies on Asian aerosols, monsoons, and their interactions. The Asian monsoon region is a primary source of emissions of diverse species of aerosols from both anthropogenic and natural origins. The distributions of aerosol loading are strongly influenced by distinct weather and climatic regimes, which are, in turn, modulated by aerosol effects. On a continental scale, aerosols reduce surface insolation and weaken the land-ocean thermal contrast, thus inhibiting the development of monsoons. Locally, aerosol radiative effects alter the thermodynamic stability and convective potential of the lower atmosphere leading to reduced temperatures, increased atmospheric stability, and weakened wind and atmospheric circulations. The atmospheric thermodynamic state, which determines the formation of clouds, convection, and precipitation, may also be altered by aerosols serving as cloud condensation nuclei or ice nuclei. Absorbing aerosols such as black carbon and desert dust in Asian monsoon regions may also induce dynamical feedback processes, leading to a strengthening of the early monsoon and affecting the subsequent evolution of the monsoon. Many mechanisms have been put forth regarding how aerosols modulate the amplitude, frequency, intensity, and phase of different monsoon climate variables. A wide range of theoretical, observational, and modeling findings on the Asian monsoon, aerosols, and their interactions are synthesized. A new paradigm is proposed on investigating aerosol-monsoon interactions, in which natural aerosols such as desert dust, black carbon from biomass burning, and biogenic aerosols from vegetation are considered integral components of an intrinsic aerosol-monsoon climate system, subject to external forcing of global warming, anthropogenic aerosols, and land use and change. Future research on aerosol-monsoon interactions calls for an integrated approach and international collaborations based on long-term sustained observations, process measurements, and improved models, as well as using observations to constrain model simulations and projections.

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Potential contribution of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei in Beijing

Cited by 119 publications

References 29 publications

Impacts of new particle formation on aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity in Shanghai: case study

Impacts of new particle formation on aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity in Shanghai: case study

Characteristics of concentrations and chemical compositions for PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China

Aerosol and monsoon climate interactions over Asia

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Potential contribution of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei in Beijing

Cited by 119 publications

References 29 publications

Impacts of new particle formation on aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity in Shanghai: case study

Impacts of new particle formation on aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity in Shanghai: case study

Characteristics of concentrations and chemical compositions for PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China

Aerosol and monsoon climate interactions over Asia

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Characteristics of concentrations and chemical compositions for PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China