Potential biomarkers in the urine of myocardial infarction rats: a metabolomic method and its application

Abstract

A metabolomic method using reversed-phase liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) was developed to obtain a systematic view of the development and progression of myocardial infarction (MI). By combining with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), 16 biomarkers in rat urine were identified and eight of them were related to the pathway of energy metabolism. Among the regulated pathways, the citric acid cycle related network was acutely perturbed. The metabolomic results not only supplied a systematic view of the development and progression of MI but also provided the theoretical basis for the prevention or treatment of MI. The developed method was also used to analyze the therapeutic effects of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) named Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP), a widely used anti-MI medicine in clinics. The results showed that SBP administration could provide satisfactory effects on MI through partially regulating the perturbed pathway of energy metabolism.

Metabolomic Profiling for Identification of Potential Biomarkers in the Protective Effects of Modified Sinisan against Liver Injury in Dimethylnitrosamine Treated Rats

“…3) In recent years, metabolomics has shown great potential in many fields such as disease diagnosis, 4) cancer, [5][6][7][8] natural product discovery, 9) toxicology, [10][11][12] and traditional medicine. [13][14][15][16][17] As a significant part of systems biology, metabolomics can be expected to provide new insights into the potential mechanisms of TCM.…”

A Metabonomics Profiling Study on Phlegm Syndrome and Blood‐Stasis Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease Patients Using Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry

“…However, permanent state of immune activation and low level of tryptophan may contribute to development of immunodeficiency [30]. Downregulation of tryptophan has been demonstrated in other studies about CHD [31, 32], and similar relationships between diminished tryptophan and immune activation are found in gynecological cancer, sepsis [33], rheumatoid arthritis [34], and Parkinson's disease [35]. Another pathway of tryptophan is the generation of the neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), which is a strong modulator of emotional behavior in the central nervous system.…”

“…In fact, the relevance between myocardial ATP exhaustion and the increased hypoxanthine and uridine has been clearly observed [39]; in addition, uridine has been considered a marker of myocardial viability after coronary occlusion and reperfusion and an indirect indicator of tissue energy crisis [40]. Increased uridine and decreased hypoxanthine were found in previous metabonomics study of myocardial infarction in rats [31, 41]; however, both hypoxanthine and uridine downregulated in our study and drug medication possibly play a role. On the other hand, when hypoxanthine converts to xanthine, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generate which is the characteristic of hypoxia and play a major role in microvascular dysfunction and exert direct tissue damage [42].…”

LC/MS-based polar metabolite profiling reveals gender differences in serum from patients with myocardial infarction

“…Interestingly, variation of BCAAs was strongly correlated with underlying disease such as diabetes and therapeutic intervention for CVD. For MI specific studies, rat models induced by coronary artery ligation or isoproterenol have been used to identify the metabolic alterations and clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms in MI [14][15][16]. However, few clinical models have been used in metabolomics approaches for MI.…”