Potential Applications of PET/CT/MR Imaging in Inflammatory Diseases

Katal, Sanaz; Gholamrezanezhad, Ali; Nikpanah, Moozhan; Christensen, T.; Werner, Thomas; Saboury, Babak; Alavi, Abass; Hess, Søren

doi:10.1016/j.cpet.2020.06.008

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 62 publications

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“…18 F-FDG-PET measures the glucose metabolism and is therefore theoretically an ideal tool to measure inflammation, because of the increased metabolism. The usefulness has been shown for several other autoimmune and infectious diseases, e.g., Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis [18,[28][29][30][31]. This is why we used PET/MRI examinations in patients with new onset of GO and special circumstances (comorbidities, severely decreased quality of life) to determine the initial activity of the disease and monitor the response to the treatment.…”

Section: Correlation Between Pet Parameters and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

18 F-FDG-PET/MRI in patients with Graves’ orbitopathy.

Weber

Deuschl

Bechrakis

et al. 2021

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose Currently, therapeutic management of patients with Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) relies on clinical assessments and MRI. However, monitoring of inflammation remains difficult since external inflammatory signs do not necessarily represent the orbital disease activity. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG-PET/MRI to assess the inflammation of GO patients. Methods Enrolled patients with new onset of GO underwent ophthalmological examinations to evaluate the activity (CAS) and severity of GO (NOSPECS), as well as an 18F-FDG-PET/MRI (Siemens Biograph mMR) with dual time point imaging (immediately post-injection and 60 min p.i.). A subset of PET parameters including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic target volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were obtained separately per eye and per extraocular eye muscle (EOM). EOM thickness was measured on the co-registered MRI. Results Of 14 enrolled patients, three showed mild, seven moderate-to-severe, and four sight-threatening GO. Patients with severe GO showed statistically significant higher TLG than patients with mild GO (p = 0.02) and higher MTV than patients with mild (p = 0.03) and moderate (p = 0.04) GO. Correlation between NOSPECS on one hand and MTV and TLG on the other was significant (R2 = 0.49–0.61). Conclusion TLG and MTV derived from FDG-PET appear to be good discriminators for severe vs. mild-to-moderate GO and show a significant correlation with NOSPECS. As expected, PET parameters of individual eye muscles were not correlated with associated eye motility, since fibrosis, and not inflammation, is mainly responsible for restricted motility. In conclusion, 18F-FDG-PET/MRI can be used for assessment of GO inflammation.

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Section: Correlation Between Pet Parameters and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

18 F-FDG-PET/MRI in patients with Graves’ orbitopathy.

Weber

Deuschl

Bechrakis

et al. 2021

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Theranostic Agents in Musculoskeletal Disorders

et al. 2021

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint and soft tissue disease that affects approximately 0.5% to 1% of the world population. 1 It is a systemic inflammatory disease defined by polyarticular synovitis, causing irreversible joint damage and deformity, if not treated. Early diagnosis and treatment of RA remain a major clinical challenge. No definite curative treatments are available to date and the currently available drugs for RA only delay the disease progression. Symptomatic therapy and inflammation reduction with glucocorticoids (GCs), methotrexate (MTX), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, azathioprine, tumor necrosis factor-a blockers, and minocycline is applied for symptomatic control of the disease.The available medications used in the management of RA cause various short-and long-term side effects. Thus, there is a great need for biocompatible novel therapies with high targeted efficiency and minimal unwanted toxicity. Selective theranostic agents have shown potential for targeted imaging and therapy for inflamed joints, with the least collateral toxicity to the healthy tissues. 2,3 Glucocorticoid-Loaded Liposomes in Rheumatoid ArthritisAs a well-documented anti-inflammatory drug, GCs are being used widely in the management of RA. However, they pose many side effects. To reduce the systemic toxicity of GCs and to enhance the RA treatment, encapsulation of GCs into long-circulating liposomes (LCLs) has been proposed. LCLs preferentially accumulate in the inflamed tissue, allowing selective targeting to diseased versus healthy tissue.In-depth knowledge of the in vivo behavior of LCLs with molecular imaging may offer a great chance to monitor the drug biodistribution within the host body. Besides, it will also allow clinicians to select the best candidates for such therapies. This might be of great importance, because the kinetic properties of LCLs vary widely among different patients and also between different

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