Potential applications of algae in biochemical and bioenergy sector

Arora, Kanika; Kumar, Pradeep; Bose, Debajyoti; Li, Xiangkai; Kulshrestha, Saurabh

doi:10.1007/s13205-021-02825-5

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Photosynthetic microbes such as cyanobacteria and microalgae, which assimilate CO 2 with the use of light energy, are promising bioresources for production of high-value added compounds for bioenergy, biodegradable plastics, health foods, and cosmetic production ( Arora et al., 2021 ). Considerable interest has arisen regarding neutral lipids in photosynthetic microbes, i.e., algal triacylglycerol (TG) and cyanobacterial poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), which are raw materials for biodiesel and biodegradable plastics production, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

slr2103, a homolog of type-2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase genes, for plastoquinone-related neutral lipid synthesis and NaCl-stress acclimatization in a cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

et al. 2023

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A cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, contains a lipid with triacylglycerol-like TLC mobility but its identity and physiological roles remain unknown. Here, on ESI-positive LC-MS2 analysis, it is shown that the triacylglycerol-like lipid (lipid X) is related to plastoquinone and can be grouped into two subclasses, Xa and Xb, the latter of which is esterified by 16:0 and 18:0. This study further shows that a Synechocystis homolog of type-2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase genes, slr2103, is essential for lipid X synthesis: lipid X disappears in a Synechocystis slr2103-disruptant whereas it appears in an slr2103-overexpressing transformant (OE) of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 that intrinsically lacks lipid X. The slr2103 disruption causes Synechocystis cells to accumulate plastoquinone-C at an abnormally high level whereas slr2103 overexpression in Synechococcus causes the cells to almost completely lose it. It is thus deduced that slr2103 encodes a novel acyltransferase that esterifies 16:0 or 18:0 with plastoquinone-C for the synthesis of lipid Xb. Characterization of the slr2103-disruptant in Synechocystis shows that slr2103 contributes to sedimented-cell growth in a static culture, and to bloom-like structure formation and its expansion by promoting cell aggregation and floatation upon imposition of saline stress (0.3-0.6 M NaCl). These observations provide a basis for elucidation of the molecular mechanism of a novel cyanobacterial strategy to acclimatize to saline stress, and one for development of a system of seawater-utilization and economical harvesting of cyanobacterial cells with high-value added compounds, or blooming control of toxic cyanobacteria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

slr2103, a homolog of type-2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase genes, for plastoquinone-related neutral lipid synthesis and NaCl-stress acclimatization in a cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

et al. 2023

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“…Additionally, to synthesize organic compounds, algae generate oxygen as a byproduct during the process of photosynthesis. Algae are estimated to contribute approximately 30 to 50 percent of the total global oxygen supply available to humans and other terrestrial animals for the purpose of respiration [5].…”

Section: Role Of Algae In Oceanic Food Chain and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The eco-physiology of harmful algal blooms

2023

JEC

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) can occur in freshwater and marine environments, caused by various species of planktonic algae spanning a wide taxonomic range. The occurrence of these algal blooms encompasses a diverse array of organisms, bloom dynamics, and impact mechanisms. There are two primary factors that lead to algal bloom: natural mechanisms like circulation, relaxation of upwelling, river ow, and anthropogenic inputs, which result in eutrophication. Unfortunately, there is a common assumption that anthropogenic factors are solely responsible for recent blooms in stagnant waters and coastal areas, which is not always true. This review highlights the ecological and environmental factors contributing to the formation and development of algal blooms, focusing on nutrient enrichment, temperature, light availability, and grazing pressure. By investigating the physiological and molecular responses of bloom-forming species to changing ecological conditions, the review aims to provide insights into the factors in uencing the size and duration of algal blooms. Ultimately, it contributes to developing more e cient management and mitigation strategies for harmful algal blooms.

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“…17,18 Algae in the sea release large quantities of oxygen into the water through photosynthesis, producing 50% of the oxygen on the earth. 19,20 Up to 48 Tg of methane is released annually from subsea sediments. 21 The sound and wave signals caused by the release and rising of subsea bubbles contain important information about subsea geological activities and marine-biological communities; 11,22 they are thus important subjects of subsea scientific observations.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ocean is the cradle of life, and it contains many energy sources, including wave energy, coastal tidal energy, estuarine salinity-gradient energy, and submarine volcanic temperature-difference energy. − Compared with energy sources that are limited to specific areas, the energy contained in oceanic gas components (bubbles) is a new universal “blue” energy source that is widely present in the ocean . The bubbles present in the ocean mainly come from the decomposition of subsea sediments, , the geological activity of hydrothermal fluids, , cold springs, , and the thawing of permafrost, , and the life activities of marine animals, plants, and microorganisms. , Algae in the sea release large quantities of oxygen into the water through photosynthesis, producing 50% of the oxygen on the earth. , Up to 48 Tg of methane is released annually from subsea sediments . The sound and wave signals caused by the release and rising of subsea bubbles contain important information about subsea geological activities and marine-biological communities; , they are thus important subjects of subsea scientific observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive Automatic Switch Relying on Laplace Pressure for Efficient Underwater Low-Gas-Flux Bubble Energy Harvesting

Wen

et al. 2023

Langmuir

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The buoyancy potential energy contained in bubbles released by subsea geological and biological activities represents a possible in situ energy source for underwater sensing and detection equipment. However, the low gas flux of the bubble seepages that exist widely on the seabed introduces severe challenges. Herein, a passive automatic switch relying on Laplace pressure is proposed for efficient energy harvesting from low-gas-flux bubbles. This switch has no moving mechanical parts; it uses the Laplace-pressure difference across a curved gas−liquid interface in a biconical channel as an invisible "microvalve". If there is mechanical equilibrium between the Laplacepressure difference and the liquid-pressure difference, the microvalve will remain closed and prevent the release of bubbles as they continue to accumulate. After the accumulated gas reaches a threshold value, the microvalve will open automatically, and the gas will be released rapidly, relying on the positive feedback of interface mechanics. Using this device, the gas buoyancy potential energy entering the energy harvesting system per unit time can be increased by a factor of more than 30. Compared with a traditional bubble energy harvesting system without a switch, this system achieves a 19.55-fold increase in output power and a 5.16-fold enhancement in electrical energy production. The potential energy of ultralow flow rate bubbles (as low as 3.97 mL/min) is effectively collected. This work provides a new design philosophy for passive automatic-switching control of gas−liquid two-phase fluids, presenting an effective approach for harvesting of buoyancy potential energy from low-gas-flux bubble seepages. This opens a promising avenue for in situ energy supply for subsea scientific observation networks.

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Potential applications of algae in biochemical and bioenergy sector

Cited by 25 publications

References 160 publications

slr2103, a homolog of type-2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase genes, for plastoquinone-related neutral lipid synthesis and NaCl-stress acclimatization in a cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

slr2103, a homolog of type-2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase genes, for plastoquinone-related neutral lipid synthesis and NaCl-stress acclimatization in a cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

The eco-physiology of harmful algal blooms

Passive Automatic Switch Relying on Laplace Pressure for Efficient Underwater Low-Gas-Flux Bubble Energy Harvesting

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