Potential application of X-ray communication through a plasma sheath encountered during spacecraft reentry into earth's atmosphere

Li, Huan; Tang, Xiaobin; Hang, Shuang; Liu, Yunpeng; Chen, Da

doi:10.1063/1.4978758

Cited by 40 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the dynamic plasma channel model, the electron density (Ne(z)) distribution model of the plasma sheath uses a double Gaussian distribution [19][20][21]:…”

Section: Channel Simulation Methods and Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PSK Channel Capacity Estimation under Dynamic Plasma Sheath Channel

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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During the reentry process, the plasma sheath covering the surface of the hypersonic aircraft will cause the amplitude attenuation and phase jitter of the communication electromagnetic waves. Channel parameters such as the electron density and collision frequency of the plasma sheath reflect the changing trend of the plasma sheath, and these parameters can be measured by physical means. However, these parameters cannot directly reflect the change of the channel communication ability and cannot directly serve the design of communication methods in the plasma sheath. Due to the particularity of the plasma sheath, the traditional channel estimation method for Additive White Gaussian Noise channels will no longer be applicable. This paper presents a channel capacity estimation method for dynamic plasma sheath. First, the plasma sheath is equivalent to a discrete input continuous output memoryless channel, and then the channel capacity expression is derived according to Shannon formula. Finally, the channel capacity of the dynamic plasma sheath is estimated by calculating the transition probability density function. The simulation results show that the channel capacity of the dynamic plasma sheath is affected by both the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the dynamic parameters of the plasma sheath. When the electron density is small, the channel capacity is mainly affected by the SNR. As the electron density increases, the dynamic parameters of the plasma sheath gradually become the main factor affecting the channel capacity. This method is a theoretical analysis of the channel capacity when the channel parameters of the plasma channel are known, and it is meaningful for conducting the work of communication methods design.

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“…In the dynamic plasma channel model, the electron density (Ne(z)) distribution model of the plasma sheath uses a double Gaussian distribution [19][20][21]:…”

Section: Channel Simulation Methods and Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PSK Channel Capacity Estimation under Dynamic Plasma Sheath Channel

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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“…In fact, the electron density of the plasma sheath is strongly correlated with the spacecraft's shape, velocity, trajectory, altitude, etc. Its distribution outward from the spacecraft surface would be expressed by a double Gaussian function [9], [26] as follows…”

Section: Simulation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early studies mainly focused on manipulating the distribution or physical characteristics of the plasma sheath, including employing aerodynamic shaping [2], liquid quenchant injection [3], resonant transmission [4], an inflatable aeroshell [5], and electromagnetic windowing [6]; see [8] for a good summary. In recent years, some researchers began to focus on the changes of communication mode in plasma sheath, such as X-ray [9] The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Jafar A. Alzubi. communication and Terahertz communication [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Classification Fountain Codes for Reentry Communication

et al. 2019

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Radio blackout due to a plasma sheath during reentry has attracted much attention over several decades. However, radio blackout has long puzzled the aerospace industry and has not yet been completely resolved. A communication method based on adaptive classification fountain code is proposed to improve the transmission reliability of important information during a spacecraft's reentry. According to the deterioration of the plasma sheath channel, the classification parameters of the source information are adjusted to protect the most important information. This method allows the reliable transmission of the most important information. The deterioration of the communication quality of the plasma sheath channel is detected from the voltage standing wave ratio of the transmitting antenna in real time. The simulation results show that the transmission reliability of important information almost doubles when using the transmission method of adaptive classification fountain code. In contrast to the traditional communication method, the proposed method can be applied to TT&C (telemetry, tracking, and command) and communication of reentry vehicles and near-space hypersonic vehicles in the future, reducing the interruption time of communication blackout.INDEX TERMS Fountain codes, classification, plasma sheath, voltage standing wave ratio, bit error rate.

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“…X-ray communication is being considered for future deep space missions (Sheng et al 2014), inter-satellite communication (Mou & Li 2017) and transmission during spacecraft reentry into earth's atmosphere (Li et al 2017).…”

Section: Data As a Function Of Moneymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstellar communication. III. Optimal frequency to maximize data rate

Hippke,

Forgan

2017

Preprint

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The optimal frequency for interstellar communication, using "Earth 2017" technology, was derived in papers I and II of this series (Hippke 2017a,b). The framework included models for the loss of photons from diffraction (free space), interstellar extinction, and atmospheric transmission. A major limit of current technology is the focusing of wavelengths λ < 300 nm (UV). When this technological constraint is dropped, a physical bound is found at λ ≈ 1 nm (E ≈ keV) for distances out to kpc. While shorter wavelengths may produce tighter beams and thus higher data rates, the physical limit comes from surface roughness of focusing devices at the atomic level. This limit can be surpassed by beam-forming with electromagnetic fields, e.g. using a free electron laser, but such methods are not energetically competitive. Current lasers are not yet cost efficient at nm wavelengths, with a gap of two orders of magnitude, but future technological progress may converge on the physical optimum. We recommend expanding SETI efforts towards targeted (at us) monochromatic (or narrow band) X-ray emission at 0.5-2 keV energies.

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Potential application of X-ray communication through a plasma sheath encountered during spacecraft reentry into earth's atmosphere

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

The PSK Channel Capacity Estimation under Dynamic Plasma Sheath Channel

The PSK Channel Capacity Estimation under Dynamic Plasma Sheath Channel

Adaptive Classification Fountain Codes for Reentry Communication

Interstellar communication. III. Optimal frequency to maximize data rate

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