Potential application of persulfate and simulated sunlight radiation on azithromycin removal

Abstract

Azithromycin (AZT) is a macrolide antibiotic whose presence in different bodies of water has been reported. This implies that conventional treatment systems are not able for AZT removal. This paper presents the main results regarding the potential use of simulated sunlight and persulfate (PS) on the removal of AZT. The effects of the solution pH and the concentration of PS were evaluated considering a face centered, central composite experimental design. Under optimized experimental conditions, it was possible to reach an AZT elimination around 70.0%, and ~30.0% reduction of the total organic matter after 120 min of reaction. Additionally, it was established that basic pH conditions favor AZT removal, and high doses of PS could have an inhibitory effect on the reaction due to a radical scavenging phenomenon. The roles of SO4-• and OH• radicals on the reaction were evaluated by conducting tests under the presence of ethanol and tert-Butyl alcohol. In this manner, OH• radicals seem to be the main oxidizing species of AZT. Finally, the evaluation of the effect of the initial pollutant concentration allowed to establish that a pseudo first-order reaction kinetics model can be used to describe the AZT elimination under the evaluated experimental conditions.

Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Degradations of Analgesic, Mucolytic and Anti-Biotic/Viral/Inflammatory Drugs Widely Used in Controlling SARS-CoV-2

“…The major findings on the possible use of simulated sunshine and persulfate (PS) to remove AZY were presented in [105]. A face-centered, central composite experimental design was used to obtain the effects of solution pH and PS concentration.…”

“…As a result of GO@Fe 3 O 4 /ZnO/strong SnO 2 's capacity to remove azithromycin, this molecule can be employed as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of antibiotics in aqueous solutions. The major findings on the possible use of simulated sunshine and persulfate (PS) to remove AZY were presented in [105]. A face-centered, central composite experimental design was used to obtain the effects of solution pH and PS concentration.…”

Photodegradation of a Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Azithromycin Using H2O2 under Ultraviolet Irradiation

“…Kumar et al [ 16 ] reported 98.4% AZT photodegradation in 90 min under visible light using a Ag@Bi 4 O 5 I 2 /SPION@calcium alginate catalyst. Ospino-Atehortúa et al [ 17 ] used persulfate and simulated sunshine achieving about 70% of AZT photodegradation in 120 min of irradiation in basic pH. Tenzin et al [ 18 ] utilized SrTiO 3 for the photodegradation of AZT under UV irradiation.…”