Potential Application of Mesh-Free SPH Method in Turbulent River Flows

Kazemi, Ehsan; Tait, Simon; Shao, Songdong; Nichols, Andrew

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27750-9_2

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, its applicability in open channel flows with SPH has been under‐reported. In our previous computational experience , the Smagorinsky‐based SPS model with C s = 0.15 was not able to reproduce the correct shear mechanism in a uniform open channel flow over a rough wall. Also, in the study of Mayrhofer et al , using an eddy‐viscosity model with a Smagorinsky constant C s = 0.065 in the SPH‐LES showed very poor results with an overestimation in the streamwise velocity.…”

Section: Numerical Modelling Schemementioning

confidence: 92%

“…In a most recent study in this area, Kazemi et al completed a comprehensive review on the numerical modelling of turbulent open channel flows over rough bed boundaries. They focused on the procedures of turbulence modelling and rough bed boundary treatments and reviewed mesh‐free particle models that have been developed for these purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SPH modelling of depth‐limited turbulent open channel flows over rough boundaries

Kazemi

Nichols

Tait

et al. 2016

Numerical Methods in Fluids

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SUMMARYA numerical model based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method is developed to simulate depth-limited turbulent open channel flows over hydraulically rough beds. The 2D Lagrangian form of the Navier-Stokes equations is solved, in which a drag-based formulation is used based on an effective roughness zone near the bed to account for the roughness effect of bed spheres and an improved sub-particle-scale model is applied to account for the effect of turbulence. The sub-particle-scale model is constructed based on the mixing-length assumption rather than the standard Smagorinsky approach to compute the eddy-viscosity. A robust in/out-flow boundary technique is also proposed to achieve stable uniform flow conditions at the inlet and outlet boundaries where the flow characteristics are unknown. The model is applied to simulate uniform open channel flows over a rough bed composed of regular spheres and validated by experimental velocity data. To investigate the influence of the bed roughness on different flow conditions, data from 12 experimental tests with different bed slopes and uniform water depths are simulated, and a good agreement has been observed between the model and experimental results of the streamwise velocity and turbulent shear stress. This shows that both the roughness effect and flow turbulence should be addressed in order to simulate the correct mechanisms of turbulent flow over a rough bed boundary and that the presented smoothed particle hydrodynamics model accomplishes this successfully.

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Section: Numerical Modelling Schemementioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPH modelling of depth‐limited turbulent open channel flows over rough boundaries

Kazemi

Nichols

Tait

et al. 2016

Numerical Methods in Fluids

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“…For large rivers, the surface water elevation plays an important role in driving hydrologic exchanges; therefore, it is critical to track the water-air interface in CFD models. Several multiphase CFD modelling approaches have been developed for this purpose, such as the multiphase lattice Boltzmann method (Bao & Schaefer, 2013;Donath, Feichtinger, Pohl, Gotz, & Rude, 2010), the volume of fluid (VOF) method (Yazdi et al, 2010), and the smooth particle hydrodynamics method (Kazemi, Tait, Shao, & Nichols, 2016). Lattice Boltzmann method and smooth particle hydrodynamics are intrinsically powerful in multiphase fluid dynamics but are not computationally efficient for bathymetries with the large aspect ratios commonly observed in large river reaches.…”

Section: Study Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating factors of hydrologic exchanges in a large‐scale river reach: Insights from three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations

Bao

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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Hydrologic exchange is a critical mechanism that shapes hydrological and biogeochemical processes along a river corridor. Because of limitations in field accessibility, computational demand, and complexities of geomorphology and subsurface geology, full three‐dimensional modelling studies to quantify hydrologic exchange fluxes (HEFs) have been limited mostly to local‐scale applications. At reach scales, although surface flow conditions and subsurface physical properties are well‐known factors that modulate hydrologic exchanges, quantitative measures that can describe the effects of these factors on the strength and direction of such exchanges do not exist. To address this issue, we developed a one‐way coupled surface and subsurface water flow model using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software STAR‐CCM+ and applied it to simulate HEFs in a 7‐km long reach along the main stem of the Columbia River in the United States. The model was validated against flow velocity measurements from an acoustic Doppler current profiler in the river, vertical HEFs estimated from a set of temperature profilers installed across the riverbed, and simulations from a reactive transport model. The validated model then was employed to systematically investigate how HEFs could be influenced by surface water fluid dynamics, subsurface structures, and hydrogeological properties. Our results suggest that reach‐scale HEFs are dominated primarily by the thickness of the riverbed alluvium layer, and then by the alluvium permeability, the depth of the underlying impermeable layer, and the pressure boundary condition. Our results also elucidate the scale dependence of HEFs on fluid dynamics that can be captured only by three‐dimensional CFD models. That is, while the net HEFs over the entire 7‐km domain are not significantly influenced by surface water dynamics pressure, the dynamic pressure induced by fluid dynamics can lead to more than 15% in net HEFs for a river section of a few hundred metres.

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“…With the development of the SPH method and its application to a wide range of problems in hydraulics [6,7], more attractive features have been demonstrated while some drawbacks have also been identified. Among the advantages listed in [8], SPH can handle very large deformations of a continuum body given that the connectivity between particles describing the continuum are updated every computational time step. Furthermore, the resolution can be changed with particle position and time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics to Particular Flow Cases Solved by Saint-Venant Equations

Fadl-Elmola¹,

Ciocan

Popescu

2021

Water

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Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a Lagrangian mesh free particle method which has been developed and widely applied to different areas in engineering. Recently, the SPH method has also been used to solve the shallow water equations, resulting in (SPH-SWEs) formulations. With the significant developments made, SPH-SWEs provide an accurate computational tool for solving problems of wave propagation, flood inundation, and wet-dry interfaces. Capabilities of the SPH method to solve Saint-Venant equations have been tested using a SPH-SWE code to simulate different hydraulic test cases. Results were compared to other established and commercial hydraulic modelling packages that use Eulerian approaches. The test cases cover non-uniform steady state profiles, wave propagation, and flood inundation cases. The SPH-SWEs simulations provided results that compared well with other established and commercial hydraulic modeling packages. Nevertheless, SPH-SWEs simulations experienced some drawbacks such as loss of inflow water volume of up to 2%, for 2D flood propagation. Simulations were carried out using an open source solver, named SWE-SPHysics.

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Potential Application of Mesh-Free SPH Method in Turbulent River Flows

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

SPH modelling of depth‐limited turbulent open channel flows over rough boundaries

SPH modelling of depth‐limited turbulent open channel flows over rough boundaries

Modulating factors of hydrologic exchanges in a large‐scale river reach: Insights from three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations

Application of Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics to Particular Flow Cases Solved by Saint-Venant Equations

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