Potential Application of Crotalaria longirostrata Branch Extract to Reduce the Severity of Disease Caused by Fusarium

Abstract

Fusarium are considered as the major plant pathogen fungi, that cause the majority of soil-borne diseases to more than 100 plant species in the world, including maize. Thus, there are emerging demands of biocontrol reagents, and Crotalaria longirostrata showed fungicidal activity. The C. longirostrata branch extract was phytochemically characterized and evaluated for efficacy for the control of Fusarium wilt in maize. The application of the extract reduced the percentage of disease incidence significantly caused by Fusarium verticillioides from 70.4% to 40.12% as compared to non-treated plants, and evenly the disease severity was reduced from 40.15% to 29.46%. The phytochemical components of the extract were cinnamic acids (caffeic acid and ferulic acid) and phenolic acid (gallic acid). Furthermore, multiple structures were detected through mass spectrometry such as: phenols, alkaloids, esters, terpene, ketones, and amides. The bioautography assay showed that to separate the compounds of C. longirostrata branch extract causes it's the loss of fungicidal activity. This is due to the synergy or additive interactions of secondary metabolites present in the raw extract. Our results suggest that the application of C. longirostrata branch extract is a promising strategy to be applied to the soil as a preventive treatment.

Biology and Integrated Control of Tomato Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum lycopersici: A Comprehensive Review under the Light of Recent Advancements

“…Cruz-Rodríguez, et al [55] evaluated the C. longirostrata branch extract for the control of Fusarium wilt in maize. The…”

“…Cruz-Rodríguez, et al [55] studied The C. longirostrata branch extract efficacy for the control of Fusarium wilt in maize. The application of the extract reduced the percentage of disease incidence significantly caused by Fusarium verticillioides from 70.4% to 40.12% as compared to non-treated plants, and the disease severity was reduced from 40.15% to 29.46%.…”

“…Toxic metabolites such as enniatins and fusaric acid can be produced by different species of this genus causes severe diseases, and can contaminate agricultural product, making them unsuitable for food and feed. Moreover, trichothecenes can act as virulence factor in plant disease [53][54][55].…”

Componentes del rendimiento de Crotalaria longirostrata Hook. & Arn. en Guerrero, México

“…Las hojas son fuente de carotenoides, vitamina C, hierro, calcio y proteínas; además, se ha documentado la presencia de compuestos fenólicos, como flavonoides, saponinas, cumarinas, taninos, antraquinonas, antronas y alcaloides (Arias et al, 2003;Bibi et al, 2015;Cruz-Rodríguez et al, 2017). Además, existen estudios que demuestran mayor diversidad de usos; un caso es el de los extractos de sus tallos, ramas y raíces que inhiben el desarrollo del micelio y la esporulación de fitopatógenos y fitoparásitos como Fusarium sp., Aspergillus flavus Link (Cruz-Rodríguez et al, 2017;Miranda-Granados et al, 2018;Cruz-Rodríguez et al, 2020) y nematodos (Villar & Zavaleta-Mejía, 1990). Todas las estructuras de la planta se han evaluado en nuevas aplicación en herbolaria (Fischler & Wortmann, 1999;Arias et al, 2003;Basurto-Peña, 2011), como abono verde (Desaeger & Rao, 2000), forraje (Arias et al, 2003), alimento para el cultivo y multiplicación de tilapia nilótica (Oreachromis niloticus L.) (Guerra-Centeno et al, 2016) y caracoles de agua dulce (Pomacea flagellata Say) que son alimento, rico en proteína para humanos (Martínez, 2016).…”

Special Issue “Integrated Defense Responses in Crops against Soil-Borne Pathogens”

“…Two articles investigated the use of plants or plant extracts as biocontrol agents. Cruz-Rodriguez et al [11] showed that the supplementation of branch extracts of Crotalaria longirostrata reduced the disease severity in maize upon Fusarium infection. The supplementation of dried spearmint and oregano increased tomato growth with respect to Fusarium and Verticillium infection [12].…”