Potential Antihypertensive Mechanisms of the Egg White-Derived Peptide QIGLF in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Revealed Using Untargeted Serum Metabolomics

Abstract

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide QIGLF derived from egg white was shown to have significant in vivo antihypertensive effects in our previous study, but the intervention mechanisms at the metabolic level are still unclear. The UPLC-QTOF/MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach was used to clarify the potential antihypertensive mechanisms of QIGLF in the serum of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Multivariate statistical analysis showed a clear difference in the metabolite profiles between the QIGLF and model groups. The results suggested that eight potential biomarkers were identified, that is, adrenic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, tryptophan, acetylindoxyl, tyrosine, and 2-phenylethanol, which were mainly involved in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, biosynthesis of bile acid, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. QIGLF might exert antihypertensive effects by improving endothelial dysfunction. This study provides a theoretical basis for future research and application of ACE inhibitory peptides in the prevention and improvement of hypertension.

Mechanism of interactions between egg protein–derived tri‐peptides and cellular membrane by molecular dynamic simulation and isothermal titration calorimetry

“…Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, affecting more than 20% of adults and causes about 19% of deaths worldwide (Yu et al ., 2021a, 2021b; Wu et al ., 2022). Angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) is considered a key target for treating hypertension, and many ACE inhibitors have been developed to lower blood pressure, such as captopril and lisinopril (Yu et al ., 2021a, 2021b).…”

“…Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, affecting more than 20% of adults and causes about 19% of deaths worldwide (Yu et al ., 2021a, 2021b; Wu et al ., 2022). Angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) is considered a key target for treating hypertension, and many ACE inhibitors have been developed to lower blood pressure, such as captopril and lisinopril (Yu et al ., 2021a, 2021b). However, these synthetic ACE inhibitors have been reported to still not control blood pressure effectively and even have serious side effects on human health, including headache, fatigue, dry cough, angioedema and hyperkalaemia (Liu et al ., 2021; Xu et al ., 2021).…”

“…Food‐derived ACE inhibitory peptides with fewer adverse effects have attracted much attention for managing hypertension (Yu et al ., 2021a, 2021b). Currently, ACE inhibitory peptides have been identified in various food proteins, including eggs, fish, milk and soybeans (Yu et al ., 2011; Xu et al ., 2021).…”

Underlying anti-hypertensive mechanism of the Mizuhopecten yessoensis derived peptide NCW in spontaneously hypertensive rats via widely targeted kidney metabolomics

“…A total amount of 613 kidney metabolites were detected in this study, and multivariate statistical analysis including PCA analysis and OPLS-DA analysis were performed based on these metabolites. PCA analysis was utilized to explore the changes of the overall metabolic profiles by visualizing cluster and reducing the dimension of complex data [13]. The PCA score plot (3D) showed a distinct separation between the SHR-NCW and SHR-Untreated groups (Fig.…”

“…However, very limited researches have been reported on the application of metabolomics in investigating the mechanism of ACE inhibitory peptides. The untargeted serum metabolomics analysis carried out by Yu et al demonstrated that a total of 8 potential serum biomarkers were identified in SHRs after intervention with peptide QIGLF and peptide QIGLF might lower blood pressure by improving endothelial dysfunction [13]. Manoharan et al found that the levels of serum metabolites associated with renin-angiotensin system were significantly changed in SHRs after administration with peptide GVR [14].…”