Potential Antidiabetic Activity of Extracts and Isolated Compound from Adenosma bracteosum (Bonati)

Abstract

Adenosma bracteosum Bonati. (A. bracteosum) has been used in traditional and modern medicine in Vietnam for curing hepatitis. In this study, ethanol and aqueous extracts of A. bracteosum were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and anti-hyperglycemic effects on glucose loaded hyperglycemic and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice. The α-glucosidase inhibition of the extracts was evaluated by colorimetric assays, and the anti-diabetic activity was tested on a STZ-induced diabetic mice model. The ethanol and aqueous extracts showed a significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, which was more effective than acarbose at the same concentration. In the STZ-induced diabetic mice, both extracts showed a strong anti-hyperglycemic activity, with the group receiving 50 mg/kg of ethanol extract and the group receiving 50 mg/kg of aqueous extract presenting 64.42% and 57.69% reductions, respectively, in the blood glucose levels when compared with the diabetic control group, on day 21 (p > 0.05). Isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (IG) was identified from the ethanol extract, which showed a strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, with a ten times higher potency compared with the positive control acarbose. The anti-hyperglycemic effect of IG was effectively similar to the standard drug, glibenclamide, at the same dose of 10 mg/kg (p > 0.05). These results indicated that A. bracteosum has a great antidiabetic potential.

A review of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from plants as potential candidates for the treatment of type-2 diabetes

“…For instance, the ethanolic extract (IC 50 = 0.027 mg/mL) of Adenosma bracteosum showed a higher inhibitory activity than the aqueous extract (IC 50 = 0.043 mg/mL). The increased activity was associated with the detection of isoscutellarein‐8‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside in the ethanolic extract exhibiting a ten times higher inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase (IC 50 = 1.40 µg/mL) compared to acarbose (Nguyen et al 2020 ). Similarly, the petroleum ether extract of Hertia cheirifolia (L.) (IC 50 = 0.242 mg/mL) showed a higher inhibitory activity than the ethyl acetate (IC 50 = 0.437 mg/mL) and butanol (IC 50 = 0.421 mg/mL) extracts.…”

Anticancer Activity of Novel Plant Extracts and Compounds from Adenosma bracteosum (Bonati) in Human Lung and Liver Cancer Cells

“…Adenosma bracteosum Bonati ( A. bracteosum ) belongs to the family Scrophulariaceae, and is used in the treatment of liver diseases because it contains around twelve compounds of essential oil such as thymol (25.6%), linalool (13.1%), and (E)-β-farnesene (9.5%), etc., [ 25 , 26 ]. Although this plant is reported as an efficient medicinal plant, the cytotoxicity against lung and liver cancers and the response of cell lines to the plant extract have not been described.…”

Anti-Hepatocellular-Cancer Activity Exerted by β-Sitosterol and β-Sitosterol-Glucoside from Indigofera zollingeriana Miq

“…Over several decades, around 200 new chemical compounds have been approved to fight cancer, 50% of which have originally come from natural products and their modifications, which are shown to be safe and have many advantages [ 11 , 12 ]. Plant-based therapy is considered to be a promising source for the development of new chemical compounds with potential bioactivities [ 9 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Along this line, Indigofera zollingeriana Miq is used in traditional medicine for treating various diseases.…”