Potential and favorable areas of petroleum exploration of ultra-deep marine strata more than 8000 m deep in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China

Zhu, Guangyou; Cao, Yinghui; Liu, Yan; Yang, Haijun; Sun, Chunwei; Zhang, Zhiyao; Li, Tingting; Yongquan, Chen

doi:10.1016/j.jnggs.2018.12.002

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…According to the analyses of fluid inclusions and basin modeling, the Permian source rocks have started generating hydrocarbons since the Middle Permian-Late Permian due to a rifting-process-related high heat flow, and the main hydrocarbon accumulation period spanned from the Triassic to the Paleogene for the whole basin (Wang et al, 2001;Cao et al, 2005). Petroleum systems in the other five basins were studied by other researchers (Zhou and Littke, 1999;Xiao et al, 2005;Wu et al, 2008;Ping et al, 2017;Zhu et al, 2018). The variation in element H/C 8970 / 3.5 8350 / 3.2 --5800 / 3.5 5280 / 3.6 7100 / 3.4 composition O/C 9050 / 3.6 8450 / 3.2 --5740 / 3.4 5280 / 3.6 7130 / 3.4…”

Section: Asdls In the Six Representative Basinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The dead line for oil and gas and implication for fossil resource prediction

Pang

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2020

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. Fossil fuel resources are invaluable to economic growth and social development. Understanding the formation and distribution of fossil fuel resources is critical for the search and exploration of them. Until now, the vertical distribution depth of fossil fuel resources has not been confirmed due to different understandings of their origins and the substantial variation in reservoir depths from basin to basin. Geological and geochemical data of 13 634 source rock samples from 1286 exploration wells in six representative petroliferous basins were examined to identify the maximum burial depth of active source rocks in each basin, which is referred to in this study as the active source rock depth limit (ASDL). Beyond the ASDL, source rocks no longer generate or expel hydrocarbons and become inactive. Therefore, the ASDL also sets the maximum depth for fossil fuel resources. The ASDLs of basins around the world are found to range from 3000 to 16 000 m, while the thermal maturities (Ro) of source rocks at the ASDLs are almost the same, with Ro ≈3.5±0.5 %. The Ro of 3.5 % can be regarded as a general criterion to identify ASDLs. High heat flow and more oil-prone kerogen are associated with shallow ASDLs. In addition, tectonic uplift of source rocks can significantly affect ASDLs; 21.6 billion tons of reserves in six representative basins in China and 52 926 documented oil and gas reservoirs in 1186 basins around the world are all located above ASDLs, demonstrating the universal presence of ASDLs in petroliferous basins and their control on the vertical distribution of fossil fuel resources. The data used in this study are deposited in the repository of the PANGAEA database at: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.900865 (Pang et al., 2019).

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Section: Asdls In the Six Representative Basinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studied petroliferous basins, plotted on the China mainland, are pigmented with different colors according to their locations in China. The five coal-accumulation areas, bounded by large geological structural belts, are mapped according toZhu (2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The dead line for oil and gas and implication for fossil resource prediction

Pang

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2020

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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“…The abundant oil and gas displays have been found in the Cambrian super-deep dolomite reservoirs in the Tarim Basin of China (Huang et al, 2014;Valenciaa et al, 2020;Li and Goldberg, 2022). The high-porosity reservoirs of the TS1 well have been found at the depth of 8,848 m, which confirmed the good exploration prospects for ultra-deep reservoirs (Xiong et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2018;Cheng et al, 2019;Jiao, 2019). Therefore, the cause of dissolution pores in deep carbonate reservoirs has become a hot study topic in petroleum geology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The main reason for the acceptance of this mechanism is that dissolution is easy to occur due to a large amount of fresh water on the surface (Cai et al, 2014). In contrast, some scholars believe that fluid activities in the deep burial stage have a great influence on the dissolution of carbonate reservoirs (Zhu et al, 2018;Jiao, 2019;Luo et al, 2022). But the source of acidic fluid dissolved in deep reservoirs is controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of dissolution reconstruction of deep dolomite reservoirs: A case study of the Cambrian dolomite reservoirs in the Tarim Basin

Zhang

Li²,

Peng³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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The deeply buried carbonate reservoir of Cambrian is an important target of oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin. Understanding the dissolution mechanism of the deep-buried carbonate reservoir is an urgent problem to be solved. In this study, 11 carbonate samples from three types of deep reservoirs in Tarim Basin were selected as experimental objects, and the dissolution process of carbonate reservoir was simulated by using an advanced reaction system of continuous flow at high temperature and high pressure. The dissolution test of continuous flow shows that the burial depth has an effect on carbonate dissolution, with the increasing of the depths from shallow to deep, the dissolution ability of acidic fluids in carbonate rocks increases first and then decreases. A comparison of dissolution results from different lithologic samples shows that the incomplete dolomitization calcite in the diagenetic stage provides the material basis for dissolution in the later stage. The relationship between reservoir type and physical property is discussed, and it is found that the permeability of the fracture-type and pore-fracture samples increase significantly after dissolution, indicating the pre-existing pores of carbonate rocks may be critical to the formation of high-quality reservoirs in deeply buried conditions. An interesting phenomenon was found by comparing the dissolution rates of experimental samples shows that the dissolution rate of dolomite reservoir has a trend of first increasing and then decreasing under the deeply buried environment, which proves that there is an optimal dissolution range of dolomite in the deeply buried environment, which is conducive to the formation of dolomite reservoir. The genetic model of burial dissolution in deep carbonate reservoirs was established and indicated that the search for dolostone reservoirs near the Himalayan fault may be a new idea for Cambrian deep oil and gas exploration.

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“…Принципиально другой точки зрения придерживаются китайские национальные компании (PetroChina и Sinopec), которые весьма эффективно выполняют обширную программу по опоискованию новых коммерческих ресурсов, в т.ч. и на сверхглубоких объектах [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: анализ нефтегазоносных бассейнов и перспективы поиска сверхг...unclassified

Deep oil

Iskaziyev¹,

Syngayevski²,

Khafizov³

2020

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry

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Regardless of the direction of development and changes in the energy sector, the Worlds economies will rely primarily on natural resources for at least the next 20 years and very likely beyond. Actually, the resources of hydrocarbons in place in comparison with consumption are almost inexhaustible, so the question is only in the cost of production. For this reason, the exploration for new commercial fields that can withstand price volatility over a long period of time will play a critical role. At the same time, one of the most promising areas is the exploration of the new super-deep (more than 6000 m.) oil and gas accumulations. The information presently accumulated by geologists allows a high probability of finding profitable reserves, including liquid hydrocarbons, in ultra-deep horizons that were previously considered non-perspective due to extremely adverse thermobaric conditions. Commercial oil and gas potential of various sedimentary formations in such conditions is established for more than 70 basins around the world. There are large and giant gas, gas condensate, oil and mixed phase-heterogeneous fields, of which more than 1,200 are already being developed. Over the past 10 years, the most significant success has been achieved in the Gulf of Mexico (USA, Mexico), the Tarim and Sichuan basins (China), the South Caspian basin (Azerbaijan, Russia and Kazakhstan), the Santos basin (Brazil), and the Arab basin (Middle East). More than 120 hydrocarbon fields were discovered and most of them have yet to prove their commerciality. Pre Caspian basin is one of the most prospective regions, where deep horizons are poorly explored. For a better understanding of its potential, statistics on 106 clastic and 36 carbonate fields was collected, and 22 Paleozoic basins were considered as analogs. Data from 15084 documents with varying degrees of significance was taken into consideration; and elements of Artificial Intelligence (AI) processing were applied. Their simultaneous interactive analysis allowed to identify several possible analogues for Pre-Caspian basin and to justify the exceptionally high perspectives of its ultra-deep horizons. Many analysts identify three strategic directions for EP activities. The first type includes new perspective horizons in new basins, the second direction is associated with new reservoirs in already known oil and gas basins, and the last, third type includes prospects in already known productive sections of previously explored basins. Pre Caspian basin to some extent, corresponds to all three groups, but mainly to the second and third. Main interest is associated with well-studied Devonian reservoirs on the periphery, rapidly dropping towards the center of the basin, or with almost unexplored to date lower Paleozoic horizons. This article opens a series of publications devoted to the topic of discovery and development of ultra-deep hydrocarbons.

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Potential and favorable areas of petroleum exploration of ultra-deep marine strata more than 8000 m deep in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

The dead line for oil and gas and implication for fossil resource prediction

The dead line for oil and gas and implication for fossil resource prediction

Experimental analysis of dissolution reconstruction of deep dolomite reservoirs: A case study of the Cambrian dolomite reservoirs in the Tarim Basin

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