ALT/GPT levels between the different PNPLA3 genotypes. Significant differences in ALT/GPT levels between CC vs. GG were confirmed (CC = 26.5 AE 14.1; CG = 34.7 AE 27.2; GG = 43.9 AE 32.5; CC vs. CG: P = 0.1; CG vs. GG: P = 0.364; CC vs. GG: P = 0.002).The same was shown for a PNPLA3-dependent ALT/ GPT level analysis in overweight/obese patients with metabolic syndrome (CC = 35.73 AE 16.30; CG = 46.34 AE 29.82; GG = 60.22 AE 37.13; CC vs. CG: P = 0.034; CG vs. GG: P = 0.237; CC vs. GG: P = 0.002).Moreover, overweight/obese subjects without metabolic syndrome were within normal ranges of ALT/GPT (ALT/GPT 29.9 AE 20.6 in patients without metabolic syndrome vs. 42.1 AE 25.5 with metabolic syndrome; ttest P = 0.00002), and had a De Ritis quotient >1 (De Ritis 1.2 AE 0.5 without metabolic syndrome vs. 0.8 AE 0.3 with metabolic syndrome; t-test P = 0.003), which contradicts the presence of NAFLD in these patients.Thus, we conclude that the published results are valid, and show that there is a strong association between PNPLA3 genotype and ALT/GPT levels in overweight and obese patients irrespective of the presence of NAFLD.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThe authors' declarations of personal and financial interests are unchanged from those in the original article. half-dose) for susceptible and resistant strains. Seven-day triple therapy with susceptible organisms is expected to produce cure rates >90%, and to increase with the duration of therapy.4 Effective anti-microbial therapy depends on the pharmokinetics of the drugs, the tissue and blood drug levels, anti-microbial susceptibility, 5 and with triple therapy with the degree of inhibition of gastric acidity.
6The Helicobacter field has seen many examples of meta-analyses which ignored the overriding effects of antibiotic resistance on outcome and resulted false claims of equivalence or superiority in the presence of unacceptable low cure rates. [7][8][9] Clarithromycin resistance has continued to increase 10 ;many of the studies in their meta-analysis were more than 10 years old and the efficacy results cannot be extrapolated to the present situation. 10 Finally, focusing on the studies reported that achieved an eradication rate (ITT) >90% as a surrogate for low resistance, the cure rate with full-dose clarithromycin was higher than with half-dose in all four. Therefore, we conclude that whether the dose of clarithromycin can be reduced is still unknown.