Potent and Specific Antibacterial Activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of G17 and G19 Peptides Encapsulated into Poly-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Nanoparticles

Abstract

<jats:p>Antimicrobial peptides constitute an excellent alternative against conventional antibiotics because of their potent antimicrobial spectrum, unspecific action mechanism and low capacity to produce antibiotic resistance. However, a potential use of these biological molecules as therapeutic agents is threatened by their low stability and susceptibility to proteases. In order to overcome these limitations, encapsulation in biocompatible polymers as poly-lactic-glycolic-acid (PLGA) is a promising alternative for increasing their stability and bioavailability. In this work, the effect of new synthetic antimicrobial peptides GIBIM-P5S9K (G17) and GAM019 (G19) encapsulated on PLGA and acting against methicillin resistant Staphylococus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 was studied. PLGA encapsulation allowed us to load around 7 µg AMPs/mg PLGA with an efficiency of 90.5%, capsule sizes around 290 nm and positive charges. Encapsulation improved antimicrobial activity, decreasing MIC50 from 1.5 to 0.2 (G17NP) and 0.7 (G19NP) µM against MRSA, and from 12.5 to 3.13 µM for E. coli O157:H7. Peptide loaded nanoparticles could be a bacteriostatic drug with potential application to treat these bacterial E. coli O157:H7 and MRSA infections, with a slow and gradual release.</jats:p>

Prediction and Activity of a Cationic α-Helix Antimicrobial Peptide ZM-804 from Maize

“…Alpha-helical structure formation boosts the interaction between AMPs and cell membranes and improves the membrane’s permeability to the AMPs. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of the ZM-804 are mostly similar to G17 and G19 peptides in previous studies [ 43 ].…”

“…Additionally, Most of the MBC values were higher than the MIC one to two potencies [ 46 ]. The MIC 50, MIC 90, and MBC were determined for G17 and G19 peptides against E. coli and MRSA to evaluate the antimicrobial activity [ 43 ]. This difference may be attributed to the different cell membrane compositions for each of these bacterial groups.…”

Targeting Antibacterial Effect and Promoting of Skin Wound Healing After Infected with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus for the Novel Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanoparticles

“…Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the BZK nanoparticles: The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method described previously. 25 Briefly, a stock solution of BZK nanoparticles was diluted to 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 33.3, 50.0, 66.7, 100 or 200 μg/mL and 20 µL of each was combined with 180 µL of a MRSA 252 bacterial suspension (1.0×10 5 CFU/mL) in a 96-well microtiter plate (Costar 3599, Corning Inc., NY, USA) at 37°C. After 24 hours of incubation, the OD at 595 nm (OD595) was read using a microplate reader (Bio-Rad 6.0, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., CA, USA).…”

Current Advances in Lipid and Polymeric Antimicrobial Peptide Delivery Systems and Coatings for the Prevention and Treatment of Bacterial Infections

“…The peptide-conjugated NPs demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and promoted the migration of cell monolayers in an in vitro wound healing assay 24 h post-treatment. Furthermore, Gomez et al showed the encapsulation of synthetic AMPs, namely GIBIM-P5S9K (G17) and GAM019 (G19), in PLGA resulted in a 3-fold and 1-fold decrease of the minimum inhibitory concentration to inhibit 50% of bacterial growth (MIC 50 ) of MRSA for G17NPs and G19NPs, respectively; and the MIC 50 of E. coli showed a 2-fold decrease for both formulations 8 h post-treatment [93]. Additionally, Sharma et al demonstrated enhanced in vitro killing of E. coli with PLGA-encapsulated HHC10 in a concentration-dependent manner and higher cellular uptake in mouse macrophages compared with a peptide solution 12 h post-treatment [94].…”