Potensi Pemanfaatan Formulasi Pupuk Organik Sumber Daya Lokal untuk Budidaya Kubis (Potential Use Formulation of Fertilizer Local Natural Resources for Cabbage Plantation)

Abstract

<p>Pemupukan organik banyak memberikan kontribusi pada perlindungan lingkungan dan masa depan kehidupan manusia serta menjamin keberlanjutan bagi agroekosistem dan kehidupan petani sebagai pelaku pertanian. Sumber daya lokal dipergunakan sedemikian rupa sehingga unsur hara sintetis, biomassa, dan energi dapat ditekan serendah mungkin serta mampu mencegah pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan formulasi pupuk organik sumber daya lokal untuk budidaya sayuran kubis. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Berastagi dengan ketinggian tempat 1.340 m dpl. dan jenis tanah Andisol. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Agustus sampai November 2015. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) terdiri atas enam perlakuan dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah: (A) POC kirinyuh, (B) kotoran kelinci plus (Kotciplus), (C) POC orok-orok, (D) POC kirinyuh + urin kelinci (1 : 1 v/v), (E) POC orok-orok + urin kelinci (1 : 1 v/v), dan (F) kontrol (pupuk kimia sintetis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk organik Kotciplus dapat memacu pertumbuhan dan hasil kubis lebih baik daripada pupuk kimia sintetis. Penggunaan pupuk organik Kotciplus dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman kubis sebesar 4,42%, lebar daun sebesar 4,78%, diameter krop sebesar 3,26%, bobot krop per tanaman sebesar 7,13%, dan produksi per plot sebesar 2,43% dibanding penggunaan pupuk kimia sintetis. Penggunaan pupuk organik dapat menekan serangan penyakit akar gada sebesar 19,06 – 57,01%, namun meningkatkan serangan hama 12,12 – 27,5% dari kontrol. Implikasi yang diperoleh adalah pupuk organik Kotciplus sangat cocok untuk budidaya kubis.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p><em>Brassica oleracea</em> var. capitata L.; Pupuk organik</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Organic fertilization contributes to the protection of the environment and the future of human life. Organic farming also guarantees the sustainability of the agro-ecosystems and the lives of farmers as agricultural factors. Local resources are used in a way that synthetic nutrients, biomass, and energy can be reduced as low as possible and be able to prevent environmental pollution. The aim of the research is to extract local resources of organic fertilizer for the cultivation of vegetable cabbage. The study was conducted in Berastagi Experimental Garden with less altitude of 1,340 m above sea level and type of soil Andisol. The research was conducted from August to November 2015. The design used was a randomized block design, consist of six treatments with five replications. The treatments tested were: (A) LOF (liquid organic fertilizer) kirinyuh, (B) manure rabbit plus (Kotciplus), (C). LOF sunn hemp, (D) LOF kirinyuh + rabbit urine (1: 1 v/v), (E) LOF sunn hemp + rabbit urine (1: 1 v/v) and (F) control (synthetic chemical fertilizers). The results obtained are : Natural Kotciplus fertilizer can stimulate the growth and yield of cabbage were better than synthetic chemical fertilizers. The use of natural Kotciplus fertilizer can increase the high growth 4.42% cabbage, leaf diameter 4.78%, crop diameter 3.26%, the weight of the crop per plant 7.13% and the production per plot 2, 43% compared to the use of chemical synthetic fertilizers. The use of natural fertilizers can suppress the attack of the clubroot disease by 19.06 % to 57.01%, but increased pest attacks 12.12 - 27.5% of controls. The implication is that natural Kotciplus fertilizer is very suitable for cabbage cultivation.</p>

The effect of AB mix and organic fertilizer concentration on growth and yield of two mustard varieties in a floating hydroponic system

“…Based on the research results, the Tosaka variety has the characteristics of an upright stem and a leaf stalk that grows elongated. This is supported by the results of research [14], which stated that Tosaka variety in mustard plant height was better for the characteristics of erect stems and elongated leaf stalks than the Masokot variety in the application of liquid organic fertilizer with siam weed leaves, sun hemp leaves and rabbit droppings at the same dose in this study, that is at 2 ml/L. 1 shows the differences in plant height due to the presence of several varieties of mustard plants that have different characteristics due to their genetic differences and according to the environmental conditions of each that support the growth of these plants.…”

Organic materials to enhance climate change resilience on shallot production: a review

“…The application of liquid organic fertilizer could improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil and increase crop production, improve the quality of plant products, reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers, and as a substituent for solid organic fertilizer or manure [14]. The sources of liquid organic fertilizers (LOF) can be an agricultural waste [15] and local organic materials around agricultural sites [16]. The process of making organic fertilizers is generally through a fermentation process that uses microbial activity, which leads to the decomposition of the raw materials.…”

“…Compared to aerobically, anaerobic fermentation or digestion produces LOF containing a higher nutrient [25,26]. Several fermented additives or starters of liquid organic fertilizer can be seen in Liquid organic fertilizers are generally given through the leaves as foliar liquid fertilizer but can also be given through the soil by watering [16]. The application of brown algae liquid fertilizer that was sprinkled on the soil was better than that of spraying on plants to increase total soil N, fresh weight of leaves [33], and the yield of Dayak Onions [34].…”

“…Rabbit manure contains at least 2.28% nitrogen, 2.64% phosphorus and 1.20% of potassium [44]. The application of liquid organic fertilizer made from rabbit manure + green manure increased the growth and production of cabbages [16], potatoes [45] carrots [36] and shallots [46]. Moreover, the application of liquid organic fertilizer made from rabbit manure significantly affected soil chemical properties, especially soil pH, EC and concentration of calcium, zinc, magnesium, and manganese [47].…”

Respon Tanaman Brokoli (Brassica oleracea) terhadap Pupuk Organik Cair

“…POC kotciplus terbuat dari kotoran kelinci (4 kg) + urin kelinci (8 l) + tepung limbah ikan (1 kg) + efektifitas mikroorganisme generasi nol (1 l) + air kelapa (1 l) yang difermentasikan selama 1 bulan (Marpaung, Udiarto, Lukman, & Hardiyanto, 2019). POC kipait terbuat dari kipait (25 kg) + gula aren (1 kg) + air kelapa (25 l) + EM 4 (1 l) + air bersih.…”