Potency of Transgenic Effectors for Neurogenetic Manipulation in<i>Drosophila</i>Larvae

Pauls, Dennis; Essen, Alina von; Lyutova, Radostina; Giesen, Lena van; Rosner, Ronny; Wegener, Christian; Sprecher, Simon G.

doi:10.1534/genetics.114.172023

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…The antiserum was used in adult and larval Drosophila . Ablation of OA/TA neurons in the larval brain correlated with the absence of a specific staining for OA and TA neurons (Pech et al, ; Pauls et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptide F neurons modulate sugar reward during associative olfactory learning of Drosophila larvae

Rohwedder

Selcho

Chassot

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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All organisms continuously have to adapt their behavior according to changes in the environment in order to survive. Experience-driven changes in behavior are usually mediated and maintained by modifications in signaling within defined brain circuits. Given the simplicity of the larval brain of Drosophila and its experimental accessibility on the genetic and behavioral level, we analyzed if Drosophila neuropeptide F (dNPF) neurons are involved in classical olfactory conditioning. dNPF is an ortholog of the mammalian neuropeptide Y, a highly conserved neuromodulator that stimulates food-seeking behavior. We provide a comprehensive anatomical analysis of the dNPF neurons on the single-cell level. We demonstrate that artificial activation of dNPF neurons inhibits appetitive olfactory learning by modulating the sugar reward signal during acquisition. No effect is detectable for the retrieval of an established appetitive olfactory memory. The modulatory effect is based on the joint action of three distinct cell types that, if tested on the single-cell level, inhibit and invert the conditioned behavior. Taken together, our work describes anatomically and functionally a new part of the sugar reinforcement signaling pathway for classical olfactory conditioning in Drosophila larvae.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptide F neurons modulate sugar reward during associative olfactory learning of Drosophila larvae

Rohwedder

Selcho

Chassot

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Synaptic inactivation by expression of shi ts1 is a highly effective means of inhibiting neurons in Drosophila (Kitamoto, 2001; Pauls et al, 2015; Thum et al, 2006) and has been used to study a variety of behaviors, including courtship, circadian behavior, memory, olfaction, 3rd instar larval locomotion, turning behavior and spatial orientation (Akalal et al, 2006; Hughes and Thomas, 2007; Kahsai et al, 2010; Keene et al, 2011; Okusawa et al, 2014; Pitman et al, 2006; Sakai and Kitamoto, 2006; Song et al, 2007; Suh et al, 2004). However, while shi ts1 can effectively inhibit chemical synapses, it is important to remember that it has no effect on electrical synapses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A subset of interneurons required for Drosophila larval locomotion

Hong

Thomas

2016

Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience

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Efforts to define the neural circuits generating locomotor behavior have produced an initial understanding of some of the components within the spinal cord, as well as a basic understanding of several invertebrate motor pattern generators. However, how these circuits are assembled during development is poorly understood. We are defining the neural circuit that generates larval locomotion in the genetically tractable fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to study locomotor circuit development. Forward larval locomotion involves a stereotyped posterior-to-anterior segmental translocation of body wall muscle contraction and is generated by a relatively small number of identified muscles, motor and sensory neurons, plus an unknown number of the ~270 bilaterally-paired interneurons per segment of the 1st instar larva. To begin identifying the relevant interneurons, we have conditionally inactivated synaptic transmission of interneuron subsets and assayed for the effects on locomotion. From this screen we have identified a subset of 25 interneurons per hemisegment, called the lateral locomotor neurons (LLNs), that are required for locomotion. Both inactivation and constitutive activation of the LLNs disrupt locomotion, indicating that patterned output of the LLNs is required. By expressing a calcium indicator in the LLNs, we found that they display a posterior-to-anterior wave of activity within the CNS corresponding to the segmental translocation of the muscle contraction wave. Identification of the LLNs represents the first step toward elucidating the circuit generating larval locomotion.

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“…Optogenetically bitter-stimulable offspring resulted from crossing Blooming Stock Center (BSC) line 57670 (genotype: w [*]; wg [Sp-1]/ CyO ; P{w[+mC]= Gr66a - GAL4 .1.8}1/ TM3 , Sb [1]), characterised by bitter-sensing neurons-restricted expression of Gal4 (Weiss et al 2011), to a UAS-ChannelRhodopsin2 construct-bearing line (w[*]; UAS - XXL - ChR2 / CyO : GFP ), a kind gift of Professor Christian Wegener. Please note that this type of ChR2 does not require all-trans-retinal in order to be activated by 480nm light (Pauls et al 2015; Dawydow et al 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for relief: Drosophila melanogaster navigation in a virtual bitter maze

Meda

Frighetto

Megighian

et al. 2019

Preprint

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AbstractAnimals use pain-relief learning to discern which actions can diminish or abolish noxious stimuli. If relief from pain is provided in a specific location, place learning is the mechanism used to pinpoint that location in space. Little is known about how physiological and non-directly damaging stimuli can alter visual-based searching behaviour in animals. Here we show how the optogenetically-induced activation of bitter-sensing neurons urges Drosophila melanogaster to seek relief from bitter taste stimulation and that this distressful, but ecologically relevant stimulus, innately wired to the threat of intoxication, is sufficient to elicit pain-relief-like behavioural responses. Specifically, freely walking flies inside an open circular arena are trained to seek relief from the unpleasant stimulation by searching for a safe area alternatively positioned in the proximity of a pair of identical, diametrically opposed, visual markers. Moreover, and perhaps more importantly, under this paradigm flies develop visual place learning manifested by their seeking relief in the zone associated with bitter relief during the last trial of training, even when exposed to constant bitter stimulation with no relief provided. An important implication is that this form of learning does not lead to operant conditioning generalization. We further propose that kinematic indexes, such as the spatially-specific reduction of locomotor velocity, may provide immediate evidence of relief-based place learning and spatial memory.

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Potency of Transgenic Effectors for Neurogenetic Manipulation inDrosophilaLarvae

Cited by 27 publications

References 67 publications

Neuropeptide F neurons modulate sugar reward during associative olfactory learning of Drosophila larvae

Neuropeptide F neurons modulate sugar reward during associative olfactory learning of Drosophila larvae

A subset of interneurons required for Drosophila larval locomotion

Searching for relief: Drosophila melanogaster navigation in a virtual bitter maze

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