Potencialidade do Lúdico como Promoção de Bem-Estar Psicológico de Pacientes em Hemodiálise

Abstract

Resumo: A insuficiência renal crônica é um problema da saúde pública e a hemodiálise é um tratamento invasivo e desgastante, do qual os pacientes relatam sentimentos de impotência e dependência. A pesquisa teve como objetivos propor atividades lúdicas e relaxamento durante sessões de hemodiálise e investigar opinião dos pacientes sobre o trabalho, bem como conhecer vivências e percepções quanto à doença e tratamento. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada em um hospital geral da região da Baixada Santista -litoral sul de São Paulo -com grupos de pacientes durante as sessões de hemodiálise, na qual se realizaram atividades lúdicas, relaxamento e visualização, entrevista em profundidade e aplicação de escala Likert. As entrevistas foram categorizadas pelo método de análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. Resultados: Foram realizados quatro grupos envolvendo um total de 13 participantes, com idades entre 20 e 70 anos, de ambos os sexos, com tempo de hemodiálise que variou de um mês a dois anos. Conclusão: Relato dos participantes sobre as atividades propostas indicam que houve melhora relativa do humor e que elas contribuíram para melhor enfrentamento da situação de imobilidade e ociosidade durante as sessões de hemodiálise, além de permitirem a expressão de necessidades subjetivas singulares. Palavras-chave: Psicologia da Saúde, Hemodiálise, Atividades Lúdicas, Cuidado em Saúde. Ludic Activities to Improve Psychological Well-Being with Patients in HemodialysisAbstract: Chronic renal failure is a public health problem and hemodialysis is considered an invasive and exhausting long-term process. Patients usually report feelings of helplessness and dependence, and ludic activities might provide involvement, joy and pleasure. Objectives: To propose ludic activities, to investigate patients' opinions about these activities, and to understand patients' experience regarding disease and treatment. Method: This was a qualitative study conducted in a general hospital in the metropolitan area of Santos, Brazil, with groups of patients during hemodialysis sessions, where ludic activities, relaxation and visualization, in-depth interviews and application of a Likert scale were performed. The speeches were categorized by the method of content thematic analysis. Results: We had four groups involving 13 participants, aged between 20 and 70 years, of both sexes. Conclusion: The proposed activity is a positive factor for mood improvement and contributed to better cope with the situation of immobility and idleness, mobilizing objectively and subjectively, and in addition, allowing the expression of emotions in a constructive way, revealing patients' unique needs and idiosyncrasies.

Percepções de pacientes submetidos a tratamento dialítico substitutivo sobre a sexualidade

“…Wondering when they were happy with their sex life, most reported the following: Yes I am happy. ( Interviewee 1,4,5,7,8,14,20,22,23,24,25,27,32,38,) It is said that when asked about what he used to minimize or try to solve his problems about sexuality, most reported that he does nothing; others reported the use of drugs.…”

“…Anything. ( Interviewees 1,3,5,7,8,14,20,21,22,23,24,25,27,32,38,39) The little blue. ( Interviewees 26,33) The following accounts were alleged by other subjects.…”

“…It is considered that this is a universal process, but the trajectory of the functional decline becomes slower or faster depending on a series of factors such as the genetic constitution, habits and lifestyles, the environment, the socioeconomic context, cultural and even the fact of being born in a more or less developed society. 7 It is mentioned, with reference to the marital status, that there was a predominance of married couples, and in this last category are divorced, widowed and amassed. It has been found that married couples have the support of their wives and children after the onset of the disease, which leads the man to experience the fear of death.…”

Benefits of laughter-inducing and humor nursing interventions in people undergoing hemodialysis

“…Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects people worldwide and is considered a public health problem (Paula et al, 2017). Due to its high morbidity and mortality rate it still haves a negative impact on quality of life (QoL) (Sousa, Antunes, Marques-Vieira, Valentim, & José, 2017).…”

“…(Sousa, Marques-Vieira, Severino, Rosado & José, 2016;Sousa et al, 2019a). Haemodialysis is one of the main treatments for patients with end-stage kidney failure (Paula et al, 2017).…”