Potenciales evocados auditivos del tallo cerebral en monos rhesus (Macaca mulatta) en diferentes etapas fisiológicas en condiciones de cautiverio

Abstract

ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL Potenciales evocados auditivos del tallo cerebral en monos rhesus (Macaca mulatta) en diferentes etapas fisiológicas en condiciones de cautiverio SUMMARYIn the phylogenetic scale, audition plays a very important role in the development of elaborated behaviors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the auditive response in the Macaca mulatta species at different physiologic stages, through brainstem's auditory evoked potentials (BAEP). 30 non-human primates Macaca mulatta were allotted into two groups of 15 males and 15 females distributed in five age-dependant groups of 2 males and 2 females as follows: Group 1 (0,1-3,1 year old); Group 2 (3,2-6,1 year old); Group 3 (6,2-9,1 year old); Group 4 (9,2-12,1 year old) and Group 5 (12,2-27,1 years and older). The BAEP were obtained by the stimulation of the ear with rarefaction "clicks" of 50 dB of intensity. The cerebral electric activity was picked up by gold disc electrodes, placed in the Cz (+), A1, A2 (-) and Fz derivations as land, according to the 10/20 international system. Four waves were detected in the five evaluated groups. Since no significant differences were found in the ANOVAs by separated afferences, an ANOVA of united afferences was done. It was observed that groups 1 and 5 provided significant differences in all evaluated waves, showing the extended latencies in relation to other groups. It was concluded that BAEP made it possible to identify changes that are generated from the development, maturation and aging in rhesus monkeys.Palabras clave: generadores neurales auditivos, latencias, potenciales evocados auditivos de tallo cerebral.

Visual, auditive and somatosensory pathways alterations in geriatric rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

“…Information registration, codification, and analysis is performed in specific structures in the neural system, that spread from the periphery to the spinal cord, and encompass the encephalic thallium, the thalamus and the brain cortex, conforming the sensory organization . These systems are responsible for pain and sensory perception, as well as corporal movements, making possible the relationship between living organisms and their habitat, and are therefore essential for their adaptation to their environment . For that reason, studding and preventing sensory decline during aging is relevant, not only due to its high incidence, but also because of the detrimental effects it generates on the organisms health span .…”

“…These systems are responsible for pain and sensory perception, as well as corporal movements, making possible the relationship between living organisms and their habitat, and are therefore essential for their adaptation to their environment . For that reason, studding and preventing sensory decline during aging is relevant, not only due to its high incidence, but also because of the detrimental effects it generates on the organisms health span . It is known that during the normal aging process (even in the absence of degenerative pathologies) there is a continuous synapses loss associated to a permeability decrease and neuronal excitability, which lead to significant neurophysiologic alterations that modify the most important electrophysiological intrinsic parameters .…”

“…It is known that during the normal aging process (even in the absence of degenerative pathologies) there is a continuous synapses loss associated to a permeability decrease and neuronal excitability, which lead to significant neurophysiologic alterations that modify the most important electrophysiological intrinsic parameters . In this regard, non‐human primates (NHPs) have been used as one of the principal animal models to study normal brain aging as well as neurodegenerative diseases, due to their phylogenetic closeness to human . The evoked potentials (EP), which evoke the cortical responses to sensory peripheral stimulus, have been proved to be a powerful tool to analyze the auditory, visual, and somatosensory pathways in NHP.…”

Effect of different anesthetic mixtures—ketamine‐xylazine, ketamine‐acepromazine and tiletamine‐zolazepam—on the physiological and blood biochemistry parameters of male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) at different ages

“…The 80 male Macaca mulatta monkeys used were held in captivity at the Non‐human Primate Unit at INBIOMA S.A.S de C.V. For this study, four experimental groups were formed according to the mixture of anesthetics applied: Group A, ketamine + acepromazine (KA; 4 mg/kg + 0.5‐1.0 mg/kg IM); Group B, ketamine + xylazine (KX; 4 mg/kg + 0.5‐1.0 mg/kg IM); Group C, tiletamine + zolazepam (TZ; 4 mg/kg IM); and Group D (evaluated as a control), ketamine only (K; 4 mg/kg IM). Each experimental group included 20 male rhesus monkeys, divided into five sub‐groups, each with four animals, according to age (classification from Ibáñez‐Contreras et al and Hernández‐Godínez et al), as follows: Group 1, infants (0‐1 year); Group 2, infants (1‐3 years); Group 3, juveniles (3‐5 years); Group 4, adults (5‐15 years); and Group 5, senile monkeys (15 years and above). All monkeys were fed with Purina Monkey Chow 5045 ® , which contains 25% protein (Monkey Diet 5038, PMI Nutrition International, St Louis, MO, USA), five times per day, with water ad libitum.…”

Piracetam‐induced changes on the brainstem auditory response in anesthetized juvenile rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Report of two clinical cases

“…The animals were anesthetized with tiletamine/zolazepam (Zoletil 50; 15 mg/ kg i.p. ), and the BAEP recordings were performed according to Iban˜ez-Contreras et al [7]. The BAEPs were recorded prior to and 3 hours after intragastric piracetam administration (800 mg).…”