Potencial atrator de peixes ósseos em recife artificial no litoral norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Attractor poteotial of ostcichthyes io artificial recf 00 the oorthcrn coast of Rio de Jaoeiro Stalc, Brazil. Al1ilicia! reefs have become an important and popular resource enhancement technique by concentrating fishes and by increasing natural production of biological resources. In order to increase the necto-benlhic colonization potencial, an artificial reefwas installed on the northern coast of Rio de Janeiro (21°27'S, 41°OO'W), an area with typically low relierbottom. Measuring nearly 1500 m 2 , lhc reef consisted of 10m sets of differenl materiais randomly disposed: concrete pipes (N = 12); tires structures (N = 20); and cemenl tanks (N = 7) and pre-made blocks ( = 4). In order to determine lhe artificial reefefrects on the teleost communily, trammel nels were used for monlhly sampling the reef sile (RA) and on a control area (AC) with sandy botlom. During the 23-month survey li'om April/96 to March/98, were recorded: a) Chaelodiplerusfaber (Broussonel, 1782) and /-faemu/ol/ auroliealul/l (Cuvier, 1829) as exclusive species oflhe RA; b) higher values ofspecies richness and abundance on lhe RA, aI least in 5 of 8 periods; c) increase on lhe fish abundance on summer months. Correlation analysis indicated that salinity and precipitation were the most significant environmental ractors correlaled with the temporal fish community variation. This results highlight the imp011ance ofrainfall periodicily and the influence of Paraiba do Sul River on the nekton assemblage distribution. It is suggested that lhe functional role of lhe artiJiciai reef might be relaled lO higher availability of local shelter and food resources. KEY WORDS. Artificial reei; osteichthyes, community structure, temporal variation, Northern coast of Rio de Janeiro.Em ambientes aquáticos, o uso de substratos artificiais de pequeno e grande porte tem se mostrado particularmente indicado como subsídio para algumas linhas de pesquisa, tanto com propósitos comerciais para implementar áreas de maricultura e recuperação costeira (SEAMA el aI. 1989), como de estudos sobre fenômenos ecológicos focalizando as interações entre os organismos (JACOBJ 1994; ZALMO e/ aI. 1993).Atualmente, os recifes artificiais apresentam-se como boas alternativas para a maricultura intensiva, para o aumento da produtividade pesqueira e com enorme potencial para a recuperação de áreas costeiras degradadas. O que se observa,

The effect of artificial reef structural complexity and benthic colonization on gill net fish assemblages.

“…As stated by Smith & Tyler (1975) coral domes of considerable internal volume and structural complexity favor a diversified and dense fish community of different species and sizes. Other studies using gill nets in artificial reefs (D`Anna et al, 2004;Gomes et al, 2001;Godoy, Almeida & Zalmon, 2002) related increasing fish diversity and abundance to higher structural complexity of the substrate. In contrast, Fabi & Fiorentini (1994) and Santos & Monteiro (1998) suggest that trammel and gill nets could not identify differences among fish communities of artificial reefs and other substrates.…”

Evidence of seasonal changes in community structure for a coastal ecosystem in the central coast of Brazil, south-west Atlantic

“…The studied area is located in a transition region between the tropical and subtropical fish fauna of the south-east Atlantic (Gomes et al , 2001). As a result of the tropical and subtropical features it is possible to find a relatively rich ichthyofauna in the area, with species from all parts of the Brazilian coast.…”