Potato genetics, genomics, and applications

Watanabe, Kazuo

doi:10.1270/jsbbs.65.53

Cited by 67 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…These crops have reference genomes available for both the main commercial cultivars and also for more stress tolerant wild relatives (Xu et al, 2011; Bolger et al, 2014; Aversano et al, 2015). Solanaceae crops also have cultivars more tolerant to moderate salt levels (Shahbaz et al, 2012; Watanabe, 2015), have naturally developed secretory trichomes with structural features shared with recretohalophytes, have well-developed protocols to study gene expression exclusive to glandular trichomes, and have established transformation protocols (Butler et al, 2015; Čermák et al, 2015; Kortbeek et al, 2016). The idea of converting a glandular trichome to a salt secreting trichome bypasses the need to engineer cellular structural features needed for liquid excretion.…”

Section: Could We Engineer Working Salt Glands In a Model System?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Plants Break a Sweat: the Structure, Function, and Evolution of Plant Salt Glands

Dassanayake

Larkin

2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Salt stress is a complex trait that poses a grand challenge in developing new crops better adapted to saline environments. Some plants, called recretohalophytes, that have naturally evolved to secrete excess salts through salt glands, offer an underexplored genetic resource for examining how plant development, anatomy, and physiology integrate to prevent excess salt from building up to toxic levels in plant tissue. In this review we examine the structure and evolution of salt glands, salt gland-specific gene expression, and the possibility that all salt glands have originated via evolutionary modifications of trichomes. Salt secretion via salt glands is found in more than 50 species in 14 angiosperm families distributed in caryophyllales, asterids, rosids, and grasses. The salt glands of these distantly related clades can be grouped into four structural classes. Although salt glands appear to have originated independently at least 12 times, they share convergently evolved features that facilitate salt compartmentalization and excretion. We review the structural diversity and evolution of salt glands, major transporters and proteins associated with salt transport and secretion in halophytes, salt gland relevant gene expression regulation, and the prospect for using new genomic and transcriptomic tools in combination with information from model organisms to better understand how salt glands contribute to salt tolerance. Finally, we consider the prospects for using this knowledge to engineer salt glands to increase salt tolerance in model species, and ultimately in crops.

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Section: Could We Engineer Working Salt Glands In a Model System?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Plants Break a Sweat: the Structure, Function, and Evolution of Plant Salt Glands

Dassanayake

Larkin

2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Production is dispersed broadly around the world and encompasses highly contrasting locations with respect to soils, climate, and management. This wide adaptation range coincides with large variation in the plant's cultivated ploidy, particularly as compared with other crops (Watanabe, 2015). Potato is also distinct from other commodities due to a highly indeterminate growth habit and lack of distinct developmental stages (Ewing & Struik, 1992), traits, which challenge crop modelers to establish biologically meaningful relationships between climate, growth, biomass partitioning, and phenology (Ewing & Sandlan, 1995;Vos, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A potato model intercomparison across varying climates and productivity levels

Fleisher

Condori

Quiroz

et al. 2016

Global Change Biology

106

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A potato crop multimodel assessment was conducted to quantify variation among models and evaluate responses to climate change. Nine modeling groups simulated agronomic and climatic responses at low-input (Chinoli, Bolivia and Gisozi, Burundi)- and high-input (Jyndevad, Denmark and Washington, United States) management sites. Two calibration stages were explored, partial (P1), where experimental dry matter data were not provided, and full (P2). The median model ensemble response outperformed any single model in terms of replicating observed yield across all locations. Uncertainty in simulated yield decreased from 38% to 20% between P1 and P2. Model uncertainty increased with interannual variability, and predictions for all agronomic variables were significantly different from one model to another (P < 0.001). Uncertainty averaged 15% higher for low- vs. high-input sites, with larger differences observed for evapotranspiration (ET), nitrogen uptake, and water use efficiency as compared to dry matter. A minimum of five partial, or three full, calibrated models was required for an ensemble approach to keep variability below that of common field variation. Model variation was not influenced by change in carbon dioxide (C), but increased as much as 41% and 23% for yield and ET, respectively, as temperature (T) or rainfall (W) moved away from historical levels. Increases in T accounted for the highest amount of uncertainty, suggesting that methods and parameters for T sensitivity represent a considerable unknown among models. Using median model ensemble values, yield increased on average 6% per 100-ppm C, declined 4.6% per °C, and declined 2% for every 10% decrease in rainfall (for nonirrigated sites). Differences in predictions due to model representation of light utilization were significant (P < 0.01). These are the first reported results quantifying uncertainty for tuber/root crops and suggest modeling assessments of climate change impact on potato may be improved using an ensemble approach.

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“…The genetic base of cultivated potato can be expanded by crossing with wild Solanum species, which are rich sources of disease and pest resistance along with yet untapped quality traits (Yang et al 2017a). However, interspecific and interploidy crosses between S. tuberosum and other Solanum species are proven to be difficult due to sexual incompatibility and difference in endosperm balance numbers (Watanabe 2015). Also, because of the tetraploid nature of cultivated potatoes, it is difficult to breed for specific traits such as disease resistance and quality attributes without including undesirable traits hidden in the wild species (Lindhout et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of pre-breeding diploid potato germplasm displaying wide phenotypic variations as induced by ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis

et al. 2019

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Mutations are the key drivers for evolution and diversification in plants. In varietal selection, sources for variation are always sought as starting breeding materials. Thus, in the absence of desired natural variations in breeding populations, targeted or random mutagenesis is applied to induce variations. Cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is autotetraploid crop species with a narrow and highly heterozygous genetic base, and the complexity of its genome makes its genetic studies more difficult. In the current study, induced mutagenesis was performed in diploid potato using ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to enlarge the genetic variability for its use as pre-breeding materials in both polyploid and diploid potato breeding. As starting materials, true potato seeds were treated with 1.2% EMS for 4-6 h along with untreated seeds as controls. A large variation in terms of germination rate, plant, flower, and tuber phenotype was observed in EMS-treated plants compared with their untreated counterparts. In particular, abnormal phenotypes including twisted stem, partial and (or) completely chlorotic leaves and stems, variations in stem colour and weak-stemmed plants with lateral growth habit as well as plants with determinate growth habit were observed along with normal plant characteristics. Moreover, variations in flower colour and tuber colour, shape, and size, as well as yield potential, were observed in EMS-treated lines. The reported phenotypic characterization of EMS mutagenized diploid potato collection is to our knowledge the first in its kind and represents a premium genetic resource for potato breeding programs and plant biologists for genes functional characterization in potato.

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Potato genetics, genomics, and applications

Cited by 67 publications

References 129 publications

Making Plants Break a Sweat: the Structure, Function, and Evolution of Plant Salt Glands

Making Plants Break a Sweat: the Structure, Function, and Evolution of Plant Salt Glands

A potato model intercomparison across varying climates and productivity levels

Development of pre-breeding diploid potato germplasm displaying wide phenotypic variations as induced by ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis

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