Potato Cultivar Response to Seasonal Drought Patterns

Abstract

The ability to minimize potato yield and quality losses due to drought can be greatly improved by understanding the relative responses of different cultivars to seasonal variations in water supply. To address this need, we initiated a 2 year field experiment to determine the responses of the six potato cultivars to different seasonal drought patterns, including 1) full season irrigation at 100 % ET, 2) irrigation at 100 % ET terminated during late bulking , 3) full season irrigation at 70 % ET , 4) irrigation at 70 % ET terminated during late bulking , and 5) a gradual reduction in irrigation from 100 % ET during tuber initiation through early bulking, to 70 % ET during mid-bulking, and 50 % ET through late bulking. GemStar Russet and Ranger Russet, two medium-late maturing cultivars, generally produced the highest yields across the range of drought treatments, but both were fairly sensitive to changes in drought severity. Alturas, a late maturing cultivar, produced relatively high yields with full irrigation, but exhibited the greatest sensitivity to increasing drought severity, particularly when severe late-season water deficits were imposed. Yields for the early maturing cultivar Russet Norkotah were relatively low overall, but it was the least sensitive to changes in drought severity, particularly when late season drought was imposed. Russet Burbank produced comparatively high total yields across the range of drought treatments, but U.S. No. 1 yields were substantially reduced by each seasonal drought pattern. However, it was less sensitive to changes in drought severity than GemStar Russet, Ranger Russet and Alturas. Total and U.S. No. 1 yields for Summit Russet were low for each drought treatment and it exhibited intermediate sensitivity to changes in drought severity. GemStar Russet had the highest water use efficiency based on U.S. No. 1 yield.Resumen Se puede mejorar grandemente la habilidad para minimizar las pérdidas en rendimiento y calidad de papas debido a la sequía, mediante el entendimiento de las respuestas relativas de diferentes variedades a variaciones estacionales en el suministro de agua. Para atender esta necesidad, iniciamos un experimento de campo por dos años para determinar las respuestas de seis variedades de papa a diferentes patrones de sequía estacional, incluyendo, 1) riego completo en el ciclo al 100 % ET, 2) riego al 100 % ET terminando durante el fin de la tuberización, 3) riego durante todo el ciclo a 70 % ET, 4) riego al 70 % ET terminando al final de la tuberización, y 5) reducción gradual de riego de 100 % ET durante la iniciación de la tuberización a lo largo del llenado temprano, a 70 % ET durante la mitad del llenado, y 50 % ET a lo largo de la tuberización tardía. Gem Star Russet y Ranger Russet, dos variedades de intermedias a tardías, generalmente produjeron los rendimientos más altos a lo largo de la amplitud de los tratamientos de sequía, pero ambas fueron muy sensibles a los cambios de la severidad de la sequía. Alturas, una variedad tardía, produjo rendim...

Water Regimes and Humic Acid Application Influences Potato Growth, Yield, Tuber Quality and Water Use Efficiency

“…Sadeghi-Shoae et al (2013) recorded a 25 % increase in the root yield of sugar beet under HA application with full irrigation. In this study, the increased tuber yield (+1.0 to +1.7 %) under WR5 with HA while saving 9.0 % of applied water confirmed the study of Stark et al (2013), who concluded that providing full irrigation through the mid- bulking stage, followed by a slow reduction in irrigation was the best strategy for reducing yield losses under insufficient water availability. Continuous water stress during entire growth periods (WR2) with HA resulted in small yield losses (−3.4 to −3.8 %) while saving 25 % of irrigation water (Table 6).…”

“…These results agree with Hassan et al (2002) who concluded that the stolonization and tuberization stages were more sensitive to water stress than the bulking stage. Increasing specific gravity at WR2 treatment supports the results of Stark et al (2013) who reported that as the soil dries, transpiration surpasses root water uptake for a period of time as the plants regulate to developing drought, thereby decreasing water content of tuber and increasing specific gravity. Starch content increased markedly with water stress in general, chiefly in WR5 over WR1 (average 15.3-17.3 % over WR1).…”

“…These results show that tuber size in the Hermes cultivar decreases with increased water stress, chiefly during the tuber initiation stage (WR4). In a comparison of several potato cultivars, Stark et al (2013) concluded that the tuber yield was maximized when plants were supplied with full irrigation up to mid-bulking, followed by a gradual reduction in water supply. Kahlon and Khera (2015) demonstrated that water stress during tuber initiation can considerably reduce tuber yield.…”

“…Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop production in such areas depends, to a great extent, on water supplied through irrigation systems to ensure high marketable yield and good tuber quality (Stark et al 2013). The sensitivity of crops to soil moisture shortage depends on their growth stage (Alva 2008).…”

Study on optimum technological conditions for producing androstenedione by microbial method

“…It is subject to other natural factors such as weather, seasons and geography because of the growth cycle of natural raw materials [8] . A variety of harmful substances such as organic strong acids and heavy metals are present in the waste liquid produced in the process of synthesizing AD by this method [9] , it is not only difficult to deal with the waste liquid, but also causes unrecoverable pollution to the water environment and soil environment [10] .…”