Potassium zirconium oxalate a new precursor for the preparation of perovskite, pyrochlore and Nasicon type materials

Zirconium Oxalates: Zr(OH)2(C2O4), (H11O5)2[Zr2(C2O4)5(H2O)4], and MM′[Zr(C2O4)3]·xH2O with M and M′ = Ammonium, Alkali Metal, and Hydroxonium Ion H2n+1On+ (n = 2, 3, 4)

“…The potassium zirconium oxalate K 4 [Zr(C 2 O 4 ) 4 ]·5H 2 O has been recently used as a precursor for the preparation of perovskite, pyrochlore, and Nasicon-type materials. 24 The alkali zirconium oxalates described here are possible candidates for this application.…”

“…These potential applications have attracted many solid-state chemists to study the synthesis and the structure of many double or triple zirconium oxalates with monovalent and divalent cations. Almost all well-characterized double zirconium oxalates contain the tetrahedral anionic Zr­(C 2 O 4 ) 4 4– unit, the charge being compensated by divalent cations in M 2 Zr­(C 2 O 4 ) 4 · n H 2 O compounds with M = Ba, Sr, Ca, , Pb, Cd, and (H 2 en)­CdZr­(C 2 O 4 ) 4 · n H 2 O (en = ethylene diamine) or by one divalent and two monovalent cations in M′ 2 MZr­(C 2 O 4 ) 4 ·4.4 n H 2 O compounds with M = Cd, M′ = Na, K, NH 4 , and M = Mn, M′ = K or by four monovalent cations in M′ 4 Zr­(C 2 O 4 ) 4 · n H 2 O compounds obtained with M′ = Na , and K. , Hybrid supramolecular architectures have been created by the assemblage of the Zr­(C 2 O 4 ) 4 4– units through organic dications with N–H donor functions , or through H-bonds involving ditopic benzimidazolium or bisimidazoliumbenzene monocations. , …”