Potassium ions and the secretion of insulin by islets of Langerhans incubated <i>in vitro</i>

Howell, S. L.; Taylor, K. W.

doi:10.1042/bj1080017

Cited by 308 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Islets of Langerhans were isolated from adult male QS mice, lo-12 weeks old, by a collagenase digestion technique [6]. Collagenase at 3 mg/ml was used throughout.…”

Section: Introduction 2 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective disorganisation of biochemical function in B cells of islets of langerhans infected by EMC‐M virus in tissue culture

1981

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“…Islets of Langerhans were isolated from adult male QS mice, lo-12 weeks old, by a collagenase digestion technique [6]. Collagenase at 3 mg/ml was used throughout.…”

Section: Introduction 2 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective disorganisation of biochemical function in B cells of islets of langerhans infected by EMC‐M virus in tissue culture

1981

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“…Pancreatic islets were prepared by a collagenase digestion method [4] from BL/6 or BL/Ks mice starved overnight. Groups of approximately 150 islets were cultured free-floating for 3 days as described previously [3] in RPMI 1640 medium with 2.7 or 16.7 mmol/1 glucose and supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum, 20 mmol/l Hepes and antibiotics.…”

Section: Islet Isolation and Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of genetic background on the capacity for islet cell replication in mice

Swenne

Andersson

1984

Diabetologia

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Summary. Proliferation of islet cells may compensate for bothan increased peripheral insulin resistance and islet cell destruction but the capacity for regeneration may be genetically determined. For the latter reason, glucose-stimulated islet cell replication was estimated in both inbred C57BL/6J (BL/6) and C57BL/KsJ (BL/Ks) mice. Islets isolated from both strains were exposed to high concentrations of glucose in vitro or in vivo for a prolonged time period. This was achieved either by culturing the islets free-floating in a high glucose concentration medium for 3 days or implanting the islets intrasplenically in insufficient numbers to cure alloxan-diabetic syngeneic recipients. In both strains high glucose concentration culture was found to increase the autoradiographic labelling index of the islets but the replicatory activity decreased with age. The proliferative rate of the islet cells of the BL/6 mice was about twice as high as that of the BL/Ks mice irrespective of age and glucose concentration. Likewise, the labelling index of intrasplenic BL/6 islets implanted into alloxan-diabetic mice was twice as high as that of the islets implanted into alloxan-diabetic BL/Ks mice. The replicatory activity of the latter islets did not differ statistically from that of islets implanted into non-diabetic control BL/Ks mice. No differences in the rates of proinsulin and total protein biosynthetic rates were observed between high glucose concentration-cultured islets of the two mouse strains. The present resuits indicate that the proliferative response of pancreatic islets to a prolonged glucose stimulation may be genetically determined. This may play a significant role in the development of different diabetic syndromes both in laboratory animals and man.Key words: Inbred mouse strains, alloxan diabetes, islet culture, islet implantation, islet cell replication, autoradiographic labelling index, proinsulin biosynthesis.We have reported that intrasplenic transplantation of syngeneic pancreatic islets isolated from lean mice failed to cure obese hyperglycaemic mice, despite a considerable growth of the grafted islets [1]. In an attempt to elucidate the influence of hyperglycaemia on the growth of these islet grafts, syngeneic islets in numbers insufficient to cure diabetes (approximately 150) were implanted into alloxan-diabetic mice of two different inbred strains, C57BL/6J (BL/6) and C57BL/KsJ (BL/ Ks) [2]. The volume of the islets implanted intrasplenically into alloxan-diabetic BL/Ks mice decreased markedly, whereas that of islets implanted into BL/6 mice was usually unaffected. Some mice of the latter strain, however, became normoglycaemic and indeed, in these particular mice an increase of the volume of the implanted islets was found.The present study was carried out in order to elucidate to what extent a difference in islet cell replicatory activity of these two mouse strains contributes to the fate of intrasplenically implanted islets. For this purpose islets either were exposed to a high glucose environment in v...

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“…Islets were isolated from rat pancreases using collagenase digestion techniques [14,15]. The medium used for isolation was Hanks basic salt solution supplemented with 20 mmol/l Hepes, penicillin 100 units/ml, streptomycin 0.1 mg/ml, and sodium bicarbonate 350 rag/1.…”

Section: Tissue Culture Of Isolated Isletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct effects of rat growth hormone on rat islets of Langerhans in tissue culture

Whittaker

Taylor

1980

Diabetologia

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Summary. The effects of rat growth hormone (1 ~tg/ ml) on the synthesis and release of insulin by isolated rat islets of Langerhans were studied. There was no effect of growth hormone on the release of insulin from freshly isolated islets during 30 min incubation periods. By contrast, islets previously cultured for 16h with growth hormone exhibited a 40% increase in the release of insulin in response to glucose or to glucose and theophylline. These islets also showed specific increases in basal and glucose-stimulated insulin synthesis of 16% and 21% respectively, together with a 22% increase in the basal rate of total protein synthesis. The total insulin content of islets was not affected by culture with growth hormone. The adenylate cyclase activity of islet homogenates was unaffected by the presence of growth hormone during 30 min incubations. When homogenates from islets previously cultured with growth hormone were studied, basal adenylate cyclase activity was unchanged, while fluoride-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was increased by 37%. It is concluded that growth hormone can directly affect the synthesis and release of insulin in islets of Langerhans, without relation to its metabolic activities in other target organs.

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Potassium ions and the secretion of insulin by islets of Langerhans incubated in vitro

Cited by 308 publications

References 34 publications

Selective disorganisation of biochemical function in B cells of islets of langerhans infected by EMC‐M virus in tissue culture

Selective disorganisation of biochemical function in B cells of islets of langerhans infected by EMC‐M virus in tissue culture

Effect of genetic background on the capacity for islet cell replication in mice

Direct effects of rat growth hormone on rat islets of Langerhans in tissue culture

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