Potable Water Supply as the Hospital Reservoir for Pittsburgh Pneumonia Agent

Stout, Janet E.; Vickers, Richard M.; Yu, V L; Shonnard, John W.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(82)91449-0

Cited by 49 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Many host and treatment-related colonization factors, such as the underlying patient severity, prior surgery, and exposure to antibiotics and other medications (32)(33)(34), and sources of pathogens for HAP, such as certain healthcare devices, the environment (air, water, equipment, or fomites), and commonly the transfer of microorganisms between patients and staff or other patients (2,5,23,33,(35)(36)(37), do not depend on whether or not patients are intubated. Therefore, the etiology of ICU-acquired pneumonia seems to depend mostly on factors related to the host rather than the previous intubation and mechanical ventilation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit Acquired by Mechanically Ventilated versus Nonventilated Patients

Esperatti¹,

Ferrer²,

Theessen³

et al. 2010

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

166

131

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Despite a lower proportion of pathogens in NV-ICUAP compared with VAP, the type of isolates and outcomes are similar regardless of whether pneumonia is acquired or not during ventilation, indicating they may depend on patients' underlying severity rather than previous intubation. With the diagnostic techniques currently recommended by guidelines, both types of patients might receive similar empiric antibiotic treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit Acquired by Mechanically Ventilated versus Nonventilated Patients

Esperatti¹,

Ferrer²,

Theessen³

et al. 2010

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

166

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The pioneering bacterial population will modify the surface conditions to enable bacterial succession to take place. The resultant biofilm may aid colonization by L. pneumophila by supporting bacterial floras that provide essential nutrients (24,28,29,32,36); by removing high inhibitory concentrations of oxygen by respiration (19) or by encouraging protozoal populations which can act as hosts for the pathogen (13, 14, 25). However, the biofilm (or regions of it) may be inhibitory to L. pneumophila if bacterial flora produce extracellular products that inhibit growth directly (3, 15, 32) or encourage a protozoal population that uses L. pneumophila as a preferential food source (33).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Plumbing Materials on Biofilm Formation and Growth of Legionella pneumophila in Potable Water Systems

Rogers

Dowsett

Dennis

et al. 1994

Appl Environ Microbiol

215

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A two-stage chemostat model of a plumbing system was developed, with tap water as the sole nutrient source. The model system was populated with a naturally occurring inoculum derived from an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease and containing Legionella pneumophila along with associated bacteria and protozoa. The model system was used to develop biofilms on the surfaces of a range of eight plumbing materials under controlled, reproducible conditions. The materials varied in their abilities to support biofilm development and the growth of L. pneumophila. Elastomeric surfaces had the most abundant biofilms supporting the highest numbers of L. pneumophila CFU; this was attributed to the leaching of nutrients for bacterial growth from the materials. No direct relationship existed between total biofouling and the numbers of L. pneumophila CFU.

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“…Legionella is ubiquitous in our world, dwelling in moist environments such as air-conditioning cooling towers, evaporative condensers, whirlpools and tap water (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Inspiration of aerosol or aspiration of water contaminated with the bacteria causes community or hospital-acquired pneumonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot Spring Bath and Legionella Pneumonia: An Association Confirmed by Genomic Identification.

Ito

Naito²,

Kadowaki³

et al. 2002

Intern. Med.

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A 59-year-old man developed pneumonia 9 days after bathing in a hot spring spa. Bilateral shadows on his chest radiograph rapidly progressed after admission. He was successfully treated with erythromycin and rifampicin. Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 was recovered from an intratrachial specimenand a significant elevation was observed in a paired indirect fluorescent antibody to Legionella. Persistent slight fever and chest rentogenographic shadows resolved after administering low-dose prednisolone to treat organizing pneumoniashownby transbronchial lung biopsy. The same serotype of Legionella was recovered from the water of the hot spring spa where the man had bathed. Whenthe extracted DNAof these two strains showed identical restriction fragments by pulsedfield gel electrophoresis, we had direct evidence that hot spring spas can be a source ofLegionella pneumonia.

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Potable Water Supply as the Hospital Reservoir for Pittsburgh Pneumonia Agent

Cited by 49 publications

References 15 publications

Nosocomial Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit Acquired by Mechanically Ventilated versus Nonventilated Patients

Nosocomial Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit Acquired by Mechanically Ventilated versus Nonventilated Patients

Influence of Plumbing Materials on Biofilm Formation and Growth of Legionella pneumophila in Potable Water Systems

Hot Spring Bath and Legionella Pneumonia: An Association Confirmed by Genomic Identification.

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